Statistics of deaths from AIDS in the world. Russia is a leader among all countries in the world in terms of growth in the number of new cases of HIV infection

AIDS , full name according to medical terminology “Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome”) is a painful condition that progresses when the human body is damaged by an incurable disease caused by pathogenic retroviruses of the lentovirus genus. The birthplace of HIV is considered to be Central Africa, where similar viruses were discovered in the blood of chimpanzees. The first cases of HIV infection were reported in the United States in 1981. This is how the statistics of AIDS patients was born.

Further, the disease began to gradually spread throughout the world and already in 1987 reached the vast expanses of the USSR. The first case was a man who had worked as a translator in African countries for a long time. Today this disease poses a real threat to humanity. The official statistics of AIDS patients is disappointing, despite all the measures taken, and forces medicine to look for new methods of combating the dangerous disease.

Causes of the disease

AIDS itself is not a disease. It is only a consequence of the action of HIV, which manifests itself in the weakening of the basic functions of organs and, as a result, a high susceptibility of all systems of the human body to varying severity. Despite medical advances, HIV/AIDS treatment remains the cornerstone of the industry. It has not yet been possible to destroy the virus that causes the infection; only drugs have been developed that can slightly suppress the pathogen and reduce its activity in weakening the immune system. The main culprit of AIDS enters the body in several ways:

1. Through seminal fluid having sexual intercourse with an infected person without using a condom.
2. When injecting drugs needles previously used by HIV patients.
3. When transfusing virus-infected donor blood

In addition, there is a risk of infection of the child from the mother through placental tissue and. As statistics of AIDS patients show, the probability of such infection is 12–13%. The infection is not transmitted through saliva during kissing or friendly handshakes.

The disease is detected in the early stages using various methods of blood testing in medical institutions and specialized centers - an HIV-positive result of such tests indicates the presence of the pathogen in the body and transfers the person to the rank of infected.

The plague of our time

AIDS is one of the global problems of humanity. Statistics of AIDS patients in the world show that as of 2016, there were more than 40 million people infected with HIV. The disease is most widespread in African countries:

1. Zambia – 1.2 million
2. Kenya – 1.4 million
3. Tanzania – 1.5 million
4. Uganda – 1.3 million
5. Mozambique – 1.5 million
6. Zimbabwe – 1.6 million
7. Nigeria – 3.4 million

South Africa ranks first in terms of HIV incidence in the world. Here, about 6.3 million people are infected with the deadly virus. This situation is associated with a low standard of living, developed prostitution, and lack of education of the population in matters of disease prevention.

In Asian countries, India ranks first in the number of HIV-infected people. According to official data, 2 million people are affected by the disease.

In Europe Of the 2.5 million infected, the majority (more than 1.0 million people) of patients are in Russia. The quantitative ratio of ways of contracting the disease varies quite widely across countries. In European countries, the majority of people infected with HIV are among homosexuals who became infected through unprotected sex. In third world countries, the main route of spread of the disease is through sexual contact between heterosexual men and HIV-infected prostitutes. In the vastness of the former USSR, an ambiguous situation with HIV incidence has developed in two neighboring countries - Russia and Ukraine.

Center for the AIDS epidemic in Europe

Russia is the most unfavorable region of the Eurasian continent for the spread of HIV. At the end of 2016, according to statistics, there were 1,114,815 people with AIDS in Russia, of which 223,863 people died, of which 30,550 people died in 2016 (almost 11% more than in the previous year 2015). The average age of people infected with HIV is:

• from 20–30 years old – 23.3% of the total;
• from 30 to 40 years – 49.6%;
• from 40–50 – 19.9%.

The majority (53%) became infected while injecting drugs through unsterile, contaminated needles. 2016 was marked by another increase in the incidence of HIV in Russia - during the period from January to December, the disease was detected in 103,438 people, which is 5.3% higher than in 2015. By region, the most unfavorable regions for the spread of HIV are the following regions:

1. Irkutsk.
2. Samara.
3. Sverdlovskaya.
4. Kemerovo.
5. Tyumen
6. Chelyabinskaya.

The HIV incidence rate for 2016 in these regions is several times higher than the national average. Data for these areas is shown in the table below. Regions of Russia with high HIV incidence rates in 2016:

By city high incidence rates are observed in Yekaterinburg, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Samara, Krasnoyarsk. In Yekaterinburg, every 50 residents are HIV-infected.

Statistics of AIDS patients (HIV) in Russia indicate that in the future the situation will be very difficult and its solution depends on how effective measures the state takes to combat this disease.

AIDS in Ukraine

The situation in Ukraine regarding the level of HIV/AIDS infection is also very difficult. The official statistics of AIDS patients in Ukraine during the spread of the disease in the post-Soviet space is as follows:

• since 1987, 295,603 people have been infected with HIV;
• as of 2016, 41,115 people had died.

The most affected areas are the following:

1. Dnepropetrovsk.
2. Kyiv.
3. Donetsk.
4. Odessa

   The statistics of AIDS patients here exceeds the national average by 1.5–2 times. The level of infected people in Kyiv is also high. The main route of transmission of the virus is unprotected sexual relations - more than 57% of all cases. Taking into account the increase in the number of patients in 2013–2015, the forecast for the incidence of HIV/AIDS in Ukraine for 2017 is disappointing. If last year's trend continues, the number of patients will increase by another 15–17 thousand people.

   AIDS patient statistics both in individual countries and in the world it is progressing inexorably. It is difficult to predict how many AIDS patients will appear by the end of this year. Until a cure for HIV is found, the virus continues to advance.

Online questions and answers
November 2017

What is HIV?

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects cells of the immune system, destroying or impairing its functions. Infection with the virus leads to progressive degradation of the immune system and, as a result, to “immunodeficiency.” The immune system is considered defective when it can no longer fulfill its role in fighting infection and disease. Infections associated with severe immunodeficiency are known as "opportunistic infections" because they take advantage of a weakened immune system.

What is AIDS?

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the term applied to the most advanced stages of HIV infection. It is characterized by the occurrence of any of more than 20 opportunistic infections or HIV-related cancers.

How is HIV transmitted?

HIV can be transmitted through unprotected sexual contact (vaginal or anal) and oral sex with an infected person; by transfusion of contaminated blood; and sharing contaminated needles, syringes or other sharp instruments. It can also be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding.

How many people in the world are infected with HIV?

According to WHO and UNAIDS estimates, at the end of 2016 there were 36.7 million people living with HIV worldwide. In the same year, about 1.8 million people became infected and 1 million people died from HIV-related causes.

How quickly does an HIV-infected person develop AIDS?

This period of time varies widely among different people. Without treatment, most HIV-infected people develop signs of HIV-related illness within 5 to 10 years, and possibly sooner. After acquiring HIV infection, it usually takes 10-15 years, and sometimes more, before AIDS is diagnosed. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can slow the progression of the disease by preventing the virus from replicating and therefore reducing the number of viruses (known as the "viral load") in the blood of an infected person.

What life-threatening opportunistic infection most often affects people with HIV/AIDS?

In 2016, almost 400,000 people with HIV died from tuberculosis. It is the leading cause of death among HIV-infected people in Africa and one of the leading causes of death among this population worldwide. There are a number of key health strategies that are critical to preventing and managing TB infection in people living with HIV:

• routine screening for tuberculosis symptoms at every doctor visit;
• management of latent tuberculosis infection (eg, isoniazid prophylaxis);
• fight against tuberculosis infection;
• early initiation of antiretroviral therapy.

How can I reduce the risk of transmitting HIV through sex?

• use male or female condoms correctly during every sexual encounter;
• take antiretroviral drugs for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
• engage in non-penetrative sex only;
• remain faithful in relationships with an uninfected and equally faithful partner and avoid any other forms of risky behavior.

Does male circumcision prevent HIV transmission?

Male circumcision reduces the risk of acquiring HIV during sexual contact between a man and a woman by approximately 60%.

The one-time procedure of medical male circumcision provides lifelong partial protection against HIV as well as other sexually transmitted infections. Male circumcision should always be considered as part of an overall HIV prevention package and in no way replaces other known methods of prevention, such as male and female condoms.

How effective are condoms in preventing HIV?

When used correctly during every sexual encounter, condoms are a reliable way to prevent HIV infection in women and men. However, no method of protection other than abstinence is 100% effective.

What is a female condom?

The female condom is the only female-controlled contraceptive barrier method currently available on the market. The female condom is a durable, soft, transparent polyurethane cap that is inserted into the vagina before sexual intercourse. When used correctly during every sexual encounter, it completely seals the vagina and provides protection against both pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV.

What are the benefits of an HIV test?

Knowing your HIV status provides two important benefits:

• Once you know you are HIV positive, you can take steps to access treatment, care and support before symptoms appear, potentially extending your life and preventing complications for many years to come. years.
• Once you know you are infected, you can take precautions to prevent spreading HIV to others.

What are antiretroviral drugs?

Antiretroviral drugs are used in the treatment and prevention of HIV infection. They fight HIV by stopping or inhibiting the reproduction of the virus and reducing the amount of virus in the body.

What is the current state of antiretroviral therapy (ART) provision?

As of mid-2017, 20.9 million people were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) worldwide. While this figure reflects the impressive progress made in expanding HIV treatment coverage over the past decade, it represents only 53% of patients requiring ART. Thus, more than half of people who need access to treatment still do not have it.

Is there a cure for HIV?

No, there is no cure for HIV. But with proper and continued adherence to antiretroviral therapy, the progression of HIV in the body can be slowed almost to a stop. More and more people with HIV, even in low-income countries, are able to remain well and productive over long periods of time. WHO recommends treatment for all people infected with HIV and for those at significant risk.

What other types of help do people with HIV need?

In addition to antiretroviral therapy, people with HIV often need counseling and psychological support. Access to adequate nutrition, safe water and basic hygiene products for people living with HIV can also help maintain a high quality of life.

HIV statistics in the worldhelps track how many suffer from this disease and find more effective ways to combat it.

HIV

HIV infection is a disease caused by the immunodeficiency virus. The disease belongs to the category of slowly progressing. It affects the immune system, as a result of which it develops. The body loses its defenses and ability to resist diseases.

How long do people live with the immunodeficiency virus? StatisticsHIV shows that the average age is no more than 11 years. In the AIDS stage – 9 months. If the patient consults doctors in a timely manner and undergoes antiviral therapy, the life expectancy may be 70–80 years.

The patient's health status also matters. A healthy person has a better chance of a long life and successful treatment.

The virus is transmitted through single contact of damaged skin or mucous membrane with the patient’s biological fluids: blood, semen, vaginal secretions. Transmission of infection occurs:

• during an unprotected
• during manicure (through unsanitized instruments);
• during and during (from mother to child);
• when (if medical staff violates the rules for checking blood);
• while taking a dose of injecting drugs (through syringes and needles);
• when breastfeeding.

The virus cannot be transmitted through tears, saliva, insect bites, household or airborne transmission.

Data for different countries

People who inject drugs are most at risk.

Cases of illness among health workers were also recorded. HIV statistics show that the risk of infection in this category of the population is also high. In the United States alone, over the past few years, more than a hundred cases have been reported, 57 of which have been proven.

Indicators for Russia

According to the Ministry of Health, HIV statistics in our country are shocking. There is a real epidemic in Russia. In terms of growth rates in the number of sick people, the Russian Federation will soon approach those of Africa. Statistics on HIV infection in Russia allow us to conclude that 57% of infections occur among heroin addicts through dirty syringes.

WITH HIV statistics by yearreflects the number of people who died from AIDS and are still living with the immunodeficiency virus:

Regional HIV incidence statistics are off the charts where the largest drug distribution channels are located. The majority of sick citizens in 2016 were in the Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Sverdlovsk and Samara regions. There are at least 1.5 thousand sick people here for every 100,000 people.

The chart shows HIV statistics by region, showing the 10 regions with the largest number of patients.

HIV statistics in Russia show that the most people infected are in the Irkutsk region. In addition to those listed in the diagram, the most affected include the Moscow, Tomsk, Ivanovo, Omsk, Murmansk regions, and Altai Territory. This also includes St. Petersburg.

Most carriers of the virus are people aged 20 to 39 years. The main cause of infection is injection of narcotic substances with dirty syringes.

HIV statistics by age

Routes of transmission of the disease in Russia

In Soviet times, unprotected sex with students from Africa came first. Today, statistics of people infected with HIV indicate that the largest number of sick people are among drug addicts - 48.8% of the total number of people infected. They become infected when using unsterile syringes. According to the results of studies by city, the largest number of cases among drug addicts was registered in Moscow (12–14%), St. Petersburg (30%), and Biysk (more than 70%).

The diagram shows statistics of HIV patients, displaying the main causes of infection in the USSR and modern Russia for the period from 1987 to 2016:

Indicators in the countries of the former USSR

HIV statistics in Ukraine also not comforting. During six months of 2016, 7,612 people were diagnosed. Of these, 1,365 are HIV-infected children. Statistics show that the main reason is the reduction in funding for programs to combat AIDS.

In total, there are 287,970 patients in Ukraine today. Between 1987 and 2016, almost 40,000 citizens died from AIDS. Ukraine is among the leaders in the spread of the disease in the world.The chart shows which areas are most affected by HIV:

HIV statistics in Belarusrecorded 17,605 patients as of 2017. The prevalence rate is 185.2 per 100 thousand people. population. In just 2 months of 2017, 431 citizens with the immunodeficiency virus were identified. The majority of HIV-infected people are in the Gomel, Minsk and Brest regions. For the period from 1987 to 2017. 5,044 people died from AIDS in Belarus.

In 2016, HIV statistics in Kazakhstan indicate an increase in the number of infected people. During this year, about 3 thousand carriers of the virus were identified, of which 33 patients were children under 14 years of age.

conclusions

As HIV statistics show in Russia and the CIS countries, the epidemiological situation continues to worsen. Morbidity and mortality rates are very high. It is necessary to strengthen measures to combat the disease in the country, otherwise the rate of spread will continue to grow.

Many countries assess HIV infection as the main problem in the formation of a healthy nation throughout the world. Depending on the economic state of the state, the ability to quickly and accurately detect infected people, timely high-quality treatment of patients, as well as public awareness of the dangers of the disease and prevention methods, the indicator that determines in which country the incidence of HIV (AIDS) is highest.

The popularity of the state in the world community and economic growth in the 21st century depend on this indicator. Many highly developed countries do not allow entry into their territory without passing the appropriate test, which indicates that the government is interested in the health of its population. In the Russian Federation, every year every working person is required to take a test to determine the retrovirus in the blood. This allows you to control the disease and take appropriate measures to prevent immunodeficiency. For example, in Belarus, when crossing a border checkpoint, you must document your HIV-negativity. But in Europe this document is not always required. In any case, when traveling to another country, you must have such data with you, which is valid for 3 months.

Countries are divided into 3 levels based on the number of HIV-infected people:

1. States in which the AIDS pathogen is transmitted among men - homo- and bisexuals, drug addicts who use intravenous potent substances. These include the USA, Brazil, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Mexico, Great Britain, Turkey. These countries have a high rate of infected people per 100 thousand population, which ranges from 53 to 246 patients, depending on the region.
2. The disease occurs among heterosexuals when the pathogen is transmitted sexually through contact with a prostitute. At the same time, there is a high degree of possibility of infection in people who have many sexual partners. Often such patients are also exposed to sexually transmitted diseases. Similar regions include countries in Asia and Eastern Europe. They have a relatively low rate of retrovirus infections, which ranges from 20 to 50 patients per 100 thousand population.
3. In China, Japan, Nigeria, and Egypt, the incidence of HIV infection is lower than in other countries of the world. Here the disease is considered imported and is observed most often in prostitutes and people who use their services. These countries have a low infection rate, which ranges from 6 to 16 patients per hundred thousand citizens.

Countries intensively infected with HIV pose a great danger to the world's population. Statistics from such countries show that the incidence of immunodeficiency is growing every year. This suggests that the country is either not fighting AIDS, or the actions taken are not effective. There is a list that includes the most dangerous countries for HIV transmission. The rating below shows the level of danger in them:

1. SOUTH AFRICA. It has the highest degree of infection of the population with a retrovirus. It is believed that approximately a quarter of the population is affected by immunodeficiency. There are 5.6 million AIDS patients here. The state has a mortality rate from HIV of about 1 million people per year, 15% of the total number of citizens are infected.
2. India. AIDS has affected 2.4 million people here. In the country, the mortality index from immunodeficiency varies from 1% to 2% per year, the number of HIV-infected people is 10-12% of the population.
3. Kenya has the lowest rate of HIV (AIDS) in Africa. Statistics indicate 1.5 million patients. The country has a mortality index from a retrovirus of 0.75 million people, 7.5% of the population is infected with this pathogen.
4. Tanzania, Mozambique. There are 0.99-0.34 million people with AIDS here, depending on the region. These countries have a mortality rate from immunodeficiency of 0.2-0.5 million citizens per year, 8-12% of the population is infected.
5. USA, Uganda, Nigeria, Zambia, Zimbabwe. There are 1.2 million people with AIDS. These countries have a total HIV mortality rate of 0.3-0.4 million people per year, 5% of the population is infected.
6. Russia. There are 0.98 million people living with HIV in Russia. The mortality rate from AIDS reaches a level of slightly less than 3-4% of all cases. The most HIV-infected city in Russia is Yekaterinburg. It is believed that one in 50 city residents is infected with the retrovirus.
7. Uzbekistan. 32,743 people are affected by the infection in Uzbekistan. Of these, 57% are men.
8. Azerbaijan. The number of HIV (AIDS) patients in Azerbaijan is 131 people. Of these, 36 are women and 95 are men.
9. United Arab Emirates. Recently, the detection of HIV infection among Arabs has increased. According to the latest data, the incidence index is 350-370 thousand per 367 million population.

HIV (AIDS) in Kazakhstan

According to the latest report, HIV infections in Kazakhstan are 0.01%. At the end of 2016, 22,474 cases of infection were registered. 16,530 people with AIDS have been identified. Among the total number, infected men make up 69%, women - 31%. Although females make up a smaller share among those infected, their number is gradually growing. The government is actively involved in HIV (AIDS) treatment in Kazakhstan. The effectiveness of the program is evidenced by:

increasing the number of early detection of patients;

an increase in the number of patients who received antiretroviral therapy;

reduction in the birth rate of infected children.

HIV in the USA

The number of people living with HIV in the United States is growing every year. The country has a high level of economy, which contributes to the early detection of infected people and the appointment of adequate treatment in the initial stages of the disease. This helps reduce the aggressiveness of the virus, prolong life and improve its quality.

How many people are infected with HIV in the USA? In America, immunodeficiency is more common among homosexuals. It is believed that there are about 2.6 million carriers of the infection living in the United States. But the high level of medical care allows such patients to be well taken care of, making their lives the same as those of healthy people.

How common is HIV in Russia?

AIDS in Russia has not yet achieved epidemic status, but growing rates indicate the possibility of rapid progression of infection among people in the country. HIV infection in Russia is considered one of the most dangerous pathologies, because there is no vaccine to prevent it, and only self-awareness of citizens can lead to a decrease in the incidence rate.

Where did AIDS come to Russia? The first confirmed case of immunodeficiency was discovered in Moscow in the family of a long-distance sailor. After a 9-month business trip to hot countries, he was already in his hometown hospitalized in a hospital with Pneumocystis pneumonia, which very often affects infected people due to a decrease in the barrier function of the immune system. The examination revealed human immunodeficiency virus. The man died a few months later, and his family had to move to the other end of the country and change their last names so that ill-wishers would not find them.

Since this period, the level of HIV incidence in Russia has been gradually increasing, violating standard indicators of public health and reducing its working capacity.

How many HIV-infected people are there in Russia? At the end of 2016, the quantitative index among those infected with the retrovirus was 0.98 million. This number is considered one of the lowest in the world, while AIDS mortality in the Russian Federation remains stable at an average level. In the regions of Russia, the situation with HIV incidence is different. This is due to several factors:

1. Religiosity.
2. Population of the region.
3. Economic significance.
4. Quality of medical equipment and service.

How many people have HIV (AIDS) in Russia? The largest figure is in the Ural Federal District. The incidence rate is the highest numerically among other regions of the country. It is 757.2 infected per 100 thousand population.

The Siberian Federal District has an incidence index of 532 infected people per 100 thousand citizens. Volga Federal District - 424 patients for the same number of population.

Among all the federal districts of the country, the North Caucasus Federal District has the lowest indicator, here the level is 58 people per 100 thousand population.

The number of AIDS patients in Russia in the Far Eastern Federal District is 172 infected. How many people suffer from HIV (AIDS) in Russia in the Northwestern region? The incidence index in this district is 407 patients per 100 thousand population.

The number of HIV and AIDS-infected people in Russia is progressing upward every year, so only prevention measures can reduce the incidence among citizens of the Russian Federation.

Thanks to standards for the treatment of immunodeficiency, the state program for detection and therapeutic assistance, the number of patients with HIV infection (AIDS) in Russia has decreased slightly. The rate of births of infected children has decreased, which indicates the early detection of the retrovirus in pregnant women and the provision of correct and effective treatment to them.

Thanks to the simplification of testing for retroviruses and constant screening of the population, the dynamics of HIV disease in Russia tends to reduce mortality rates. Some facts indicate that the number of carriers of the pathogen is increasing. But upon closer examination, it turns out that the number of citizens examined is growing every year, and this leads to an overestimation of the absolute incidence rate.

There is no need to be afraid that there are a million HIV-infected people in Russia. If you adhere to basic personal hygiene and prevention methods, the risk of infection approaches zero. You need to know that the best means of protection against infection with a retrovirus are barrier contraceptives and sterile instruments.

The immunodeficiency virus was first identified by scientists in 1983. It was then that the etiological cause of the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was established. However, the attention of specialists is still focused on such a dangerous disease as HIV. Statistics show that it is constantly becoming more common. And the saddest thing is that in modern medicine there are no effective methods for treating pathology.

Basic statistics of HIV-infected people

The disease is constantly progressing and spreading throughout the population. This is officially confirmed by statistics on the incidence of HIV and AIDS. According to the latest data from scientists, today the number of people infected with HIV reaches 40 million people. Of these, 37.5% contracted the infection in the last 2 years, which is about 15 million.

At the same time, the pathology is constantly progressing, new strains of the pathogen appear as a result of modification. This greatly complicates the process of treating patients.

Infection with a retrovirus occurs more often through sexual contact or through the use of unsterile needles, which is often observed among drug addicts. The number of HIV-infected people is constantly increasing, and in order to slow down the progression of the disease, experts strongly recommend periodic testing for AIDS. Early detection allows you to prescribe full-fledged antiretroviral therapy. According to statistics, only 9.5 million HIV (AIDS) patients receive quality treatment, which is less than a quarter of the total number of carriers.

HIV (AIDS) statistics in Russia

In the Russian Federation, the issue of immunodeficiency is especially acutely discussed twice a year - on the Day against this disease (December 1) and in early May, when the Day of Mourning for those killed as a result of infection with a retrovirus is declared.

The statistics of HIV-infected people in Russia is constantly changing, and not for the better. In recent years, the number of infected people has increased significantly and now reaches 250 thousand people. Experts say that the problem is becoming enormous. Today, the infection is mainly transmitted sexually and parenterally.

Statistics of AIDS patients in Russia confirm that the bulk of those infected are young people aged 19 to 29 years. If we take into account injection drug addicts, then of those who sought medical help, 78% of them were diagnosed with the immunodeficiency virus.

During sexual intercourse without condoms, a considerable number of patients are also infected. It is difficult to determine exactly how many people with HIV received the pathogen this way. However, statistics on HIV infection in Russia state that of those infected through sexual contact, more than half are women. This is due to anatomical features. Women tend to have more close contact with body fluids, particularly semen. It contains a high concentration of retrovirus, which is able to penetrate the body through microcracks in the vaginal mucosa that form during sexual intercourse.

A less common method of transmission is from mother to infant. HIV transmission statistics indicate that over the entire period of the disease, more than 6 thousand cases of birth of infected babies were registered. The infants' mothers were women of fertile age.

As for the male half of the population, according to statistics in Russia, about 2% of the stronger sex is infected with AIDS. The age of patients is in the range of 23-40 years. Among them, infection occurred in the following ways:

• as a result of drug use - 53%;
• homosexual relationships - 1.5%;
• with unprotected sexual intercourse - 43%;
• boys who received the infection in the womb or during childbirth from their mother - 2.5%.

Why is HIV infection spreading so quickly? Statistics confirm that the vast majority of infected people received their “dose” of the retrovirus through a syringe. In Russia, more than half of drug addicts use potent substances by injection, which poses a huge risk, because syringes are almost always used multiple times and for several people.

Additionally, the progression of AIDS can be explained by the lack of a clear program to combat retroviral infection. At the very beginning, when AIDS began to spread in the Russian Federation, statistics showed a sharp jump - an increase in the number of cases. For several years, international associations against immunodeficiency have allocated a certain amount, which was used to provide antiretroviral therapy to patients. When Russia was recognized as a high-income country, this assistance was withheld, and the funds allocated from the state budget became insufficient to provide quality therapy to patients.

How many HIV-infected people are there in specific regions of Russia?

The situation with the spread of immunodeficiency leaves much to be desired, however, the homogeneity of the disease is somewhat diverse - in the Russian Federation, some regions require more attention from doctors, while in others the rate of transmission of a dangerous disease does not cause concern. According to experts, the saddest situation is observed in the Irkutsk region. Here, retrovirus infection reaches 1.5% of the total population.

How many people have HIV (AIDS) and how does it become infected? More than 75% of patients in this region are infected as a result of unprotected sexual intercourse, with a certain percentage occurring in homosexual relationships. The remaining 25% experience pathology when injecting drugs; a small number occur in children born to HIV-positive mothers.

Also among the leaders in the progression of infection with immunodeficiency are the Sverdlovsk, Kemerovo regions, Perm, and Khanty-Mansiysk Okrug. The statistics of HIV infection in Russia are no more rosy in the following regions:

• Altaic;
• Tomsk;
• Kurgansky;
• Novosibirsk;
• Samara;
• Tyumen;
• Ulyanovsky;
• Tverskoy;
• Omsk;
• Murmansk;
• Orenburg;
• Chelyabinsk;
• Ivanovsky;
• Leningradsky.

How many AIDS patients are there in the capital of the country can be answered more precisely. HIV statistics in Moscow at the beginning of the 21st century did not cause much concern among doctors, but this picture quickly changed in the opposite direction. In recent years, the retrovirus has begun to spread among residents of the capital by leaps and bounds. In 2016, more than 10 thousand infected people were registered. Moreover, half of them received the retrovirus through unprotected sex. 23% of those infected in this way became ill as a result of homosexual intercourse. HIV (AIDS) statistics in the regions of Russia remain unfavorable and require the adoption of certain measures to reduce the rate of spread of the disease.

The situation in the world: how quickly is AIDS spreading?

How many AIDS patients are there on the entire planet, which countries are one step away from developing an epidemic? The number of infected people varies from country to country. The most deplorable situation is observed in Africa, or more precisely in the South. The inhabitants of these regions make up only 10% of the total population of the planet. Moreover, out of the total number of HIV-infected people (about 40 million), 25 million are on this continent. These numbers are shocking.

The most unfavorable statistics of people infected with HIV (AIDS) are observed in the following countries of the world:

• South Africa - more than 5 million;
• India - 6.5 million;
• Ethiopia - more than 4 million infected;
• Nigeria - 3.6 million;
• Mozambique - almost 2 million;
• Kenya, Zimbabwe - 1.7 million infected each;
• USA - 1.3 million;
• China and Russia are about 1 million carriers of the retrovirus.

If we take into account the European continent, then approximately half of all infected people are residents of Ukraine and Russia. The main route of transmission of the virus in these countries is parenteral.

The HIV infection rate by country raises concerns for the future of humanity; analyzing the statistics, it can be argued that the massive spread is occurring in underdeveloped regions.

According to statistics, in countries infected with AIDS, the leading route of transmission is sexual and parenteral. The danger of the disease also lies in the fact that most patients do not want to believe in infection and refuse antiretroviral therapy. It can take more than 10 years from the infection to the stage of AIDS, but this indicator depends on the immune defense. In the absence of quality treatment, the disease develops much faster and leads to irreversible consequences.

Over the entire period of known immunodeficiency, more than 24 million patients died from it. At the same time, patients who received timely therapy were able to live fully for decades, no different from healthy people.

It is difficult to say exactly how many people are infected with HIV (AIDS), since the pathology is constantly spreading. However, scientists do not lose hope of finding an effective drug and finally defeating the retrovirus.