home » Psychology » Causes of low testosterone in men. Causes of low testosterone levels in men and methods of treating pathology After clymene, testosterone levels decreased

Causes of low testosterone in men. Causes of low testosterone levels in men and methods of treating pathology After clymene, testosterone levels decreased

Genetic damage can cause low testosterone

In men, testosterone (T) is the main hormone responsible for the formation of the male phenotype. Produced by Leydig cells in the testicles, and in small quantities by the adrenal cortex.

Reasons for decreased testosterone:

Signs and symptoms of low testosterone

Growth disturbances may indicate abnormal hormone levels

Prepubertal period:

Eunuchoid body proportions (narrow shoulders and chest, long limbs, wide pelvis, distribution of subcutaneous fat according to the female body type).
Small testicles (< 2 мл) и полового члена (< 5 см), недоразвитая мошонка (отсутствие складок и пигментации).
Dwarfism or too tall.
Enlargement of the mammary glands.
Lack of sexual desire.

Obesity as a possible sign of low testosterone

Post-pubertal period:

Decreased number of erections.
Decreased libido.
Weakening/absence of orgasm.
Reduced body hair.
Prolonged sexual intercourse.
Inability to ejaculate.
Obesity.
Decreased muscle mass.
Gynecomastia.
Feminization.
Apathy, depression.

Why is low hormone levels dangerous?

Low testosterone increases the risk of developing atheroslkerosis

Testosterone levels below normal provoke sexual dysfunction. The degree of sexual desire, the number of erections, the concentration of sperm in the ejaculate, the intensity of blood supply to the penis, the ability to ejaculate, and the brightness of orgasms decrease.

There is a decrease in muscle strength and loss of muscle mass, decreased endurance during physical activity, and a decrease in bone mineral density. Since the hormone helps reduce the level of “bad” cholesterol, its deficiency increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, stroke and myocardial infarction.

Lack of testosterone affects the development of insulin resistance, thus a decrease in hormone levels is a factor in the formation of diabetes mellitus. Lipid metabolism is disrupted and body weight increases.

Low testosterone may cause memory loss

Low testosterone levels often lead to feminization. There is a redistribution of subcutaneous fat accumulations according to the female type - the fat layer is concentrated in the hips and abdomen. The degree of hair growth in androgen-dependent areas decreases, the timbre of the voice changes to a higher one, and the mammary glands increase in size.

The nervous system of a man undergoes changes. If an increased level of testosterone promotes aggressiveness, then a decreased level promotes depression and apathy. Memory functions, concentration, speed of thinking and reaction are impaired.

Testosterone stimulates the production of red blood cells; hormone deficiency reduces the transport of oxygen to the tissues of various organs.

How to prepare for a testosterone test

The doctor will tell you about the rules for preparing for the study.

It is recommended to discontinue any hormonal medications 2 weeks before the study. If the appointment cannot be cancelled, a list of medications is provided to the doctor.
The day before testing, physical and psycho-emotional stress is limited and alcohol is excluded.
The last meal should be completed 8-12 hours before the analysis, smoking - at least 1 hour.
All other medical procedures and studies are carried out after the blood removal procedure.
Testing is carried out in the morning, before 11 o'clock.

Hormone level correction

Testosterone drugs have a number of side effects

For correction, hormone replacement therapy is used. Testosterone-based drugs have a number of side effects, so their use as a prophylaxis is not allowed.

The drug Andriol contains a fatty acid ester of natural testosterone, does not inhibit the functionality of the testicles and spermatogenesis, but provides the effect of therapy only with long-term use.

Methyltestosterone is a synthetic derivative of testosterone that causes a short-term increase in the level of the hormone in the blood. It has a negative effect on the liver; high dosage provokes inhibition of Leydig cells.

Sustanon-250 is based on testosterone esters, differing in half-life, due to which the effect of the drug lasts for 3 weeks, but the concentration of the hormone in the blood can periodically increase and decrease sharply.

Androgel is applied to the skin and helps restore the physiological level of testosterone. With prolonged use, changes in the prostate gland, lymphatic and nervous systems are possible.

During the correction, red blood counts are monitored

Testosterone propionate stimulates the development of the prostate gland, gonads and seminal vesicles. High doses lead to inhibition of spermatogenesis and ovarian function.

During treatment, both testosterone levels and hemoglobin levels, serum lipid profiles, and the condition of the prostate gland are monitored. Since testosterone has the ability to be converted into estrogens (female sex hormones), with any of the drugs used, the development of gynecomastia is possible. Replacement therapy is not prescribed for cancer of the mammary glands and prostate gland, since the tumors are androgen-dependent.

To avoid disruption of spermatogenesis, human chorionic gonadotropin drugs (Choragon, Pregnil) are used to stimulate the formation of sperm and the development of secondary sexual characteristics. Possible consequences of taking the drug are: inhibition of the functions of the pituitary gland, an increase in the size of the mammary glands.

If correction of testosterone levels does not have a positive effect on erectile function, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors are used.

Preventing low hormone levels

Body weight control - prevention of hormone level deviations

As a preventive measure, obesity should be prevented, since a decrease in testosterone levels is directly related to an increased body mass index. With the development of obesity, estrogen production increases, which provokes suppression of testosterone synthesis.

It is necessary to balance your diet - consume enough proteins and fats, limit easily digestible carbohydrates. It is recommended to include in the menu: vegetables, fruits, grains, fish, meat, dairy products, herbs.

The following products provide particular benefits for maintaining normal testosterone levels:

sea fish and seafood, nuts (polyunsaturated fatty acids);
lobster, oysters, beef, lamb (zinc);
cabbage, green salad, arugula, radish (indole-3-carbinol);
meat by-products, eggs, sea fish (selenium);
garlic, pomegranate, tomatoes (allicin);
honey, raisins, figs (boron).

Quitting alcohol will help normalize hormone levels

Some medications, especially hormonal drugs, have an effect on reducing testosterone production, so you can take them only when necessary and in consultation with your doctor.

To avoid testosterone deficiency, you should limit your consumption of alcoholic beverages, avoid stressful situations and excessive physical activity. An active sex life stimulates the production of the hormone.

In men, low testosterone levels negatively affect quality of life. Signs of low testosterone levels are tachycardia, increased sweating, hot flashes, fever, anemia, female obesity, gynecomastia, decreased muscle mass, erectile dysfunction, decreased libido, and deterioration in sperm quality. Methods for increasing testosterone include physical activity, balanced nutrition, drug treatment (testosterone patch, intramuscular injections, tablets)

Low testosterone in men disrupts the functioning of the genital organs and metabolic processes. Testosterone is an androgen hormone. Many processes in the body depend on its concentration; its influence on physical strength, activity, and psycho-emotional background has been proven.

Low testosterone in men worsens the quality of life and provokes pathologies. You can replenish the hormone level through diet, exercise and giving up bad habits. In especially severe cases, replacement therapy is used.

Causes of decreased testosterone

Testosterone deficiency occurs for many reasons. They can be conditionally divided into 2 large groups: those not associated with pathological abnormalities in the body and those associated with diseases.

Physiological

In men, a decrease in testosterone in the blood is often not the result of pathology. This happens as a result:

age-related changes;
unbalanced diet (excess of easily digestible carbohydrates) and fasting;
lack of physical activity;
severe stress;
physical stress;
severe chronic infectious processes;
taking certain medications (glucocorticoids, Magnesium sulfate, Ketoconazole, Spironolactone, Tetracycline);
hereditary characteristics.

Age-related changes are natural. After 30-35 years, synthesis processes slow down and metabolism decreases. Testosterone levels also drop.

Poor nutrition, foods and drinks high in estrogen disrupt the balance of hormones in the male body. Phytoestrogens are androgen antagonists and are found in beer, soy, flax seeds and cauliflower. A sedentary lifestyle, as well as aging, lead to metabolic disorders, which is why there is a decrease in testosterone.

Pathological

Symptoms of testosterone deficiency are observed in certain diseases:

diabetes;
obesity, decreased metabolic rate;
kidney disease;
chronic prostatitis;
adrenal insufficiency;
foci of chronic infection, including the genitals;
trauma, brain tumors;
consequences of surgery or testicular neoplasm;
congenital or hereditary diseases;
sepsis.

How does decreased testosterone manifest?

Testosterone is involved in the formation and growth of muscle mass and helps make bone tissue strong through the absorption of calcium. It normalizes protein and lipid metabolism, increases the synthesis of endorphins - hormones of joy and pleasure. In adolescents, with the participation of testosterone, the body develops into a male type.

This androgen is produced in the testicles, and the process is controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary system. If regulation is disrupted, androgen concentration changes. Low testosterone levels in men lead to the following clinical symptoms:

increased blood pressure;
increased heart rate;
heat and hot flashes;
obesity and gynecomastia;
alopecia (baldness);
osteoporosis;
decrease in muscle mass and strength;
depressive states;
fatigue and asthenia;
impaired potency and decreased libido;
deterioration in sperm quality.

During the examination, the doctor pays attention to dryness, coldness and pallor of the skin, icterus (yellowness) of the sclera, and the sudden appearance of wrinkles over a short period. An increase in body weight is observed according to the female type, engorgement and soreness of the mammary glands are noted. Similar symptoms occur when the levels of drugs and FSH are disturbed in men.

Having noticed such signs, it is better to contact a urologist or andrologist to find out the cause. Proper treatment is vital as the consequences can be severe. Low androgen levels will lead to coronary artery disease, hypertension, and increases the likelihood of heart attack or cerebrovascular insufficiency. In young people, spermatogenesis is disrupted, which leads to infertility.

With constant training without proper rest, testosterone begins to be intensively produced and estrogen and FLH in men are suppressed. This also leads to hormonal imbalance, decreased sperm quality, deterioration of erection and ability to conceive. An excess amount of androgen is manifested by increased oily skin, causing pimples and acne.

How to increase testosterone

Low testosterone in men needs to be increased to optimal levels. To do this, various methods are used depending on the reason for its decrease. Normal values for a young man are considered to be from 5 to 30 nmol/l, after 50 years – up to 5 nmol/l. If the level is lower, this is a reason to see a doctor.

Physical exercise

It is important to keep the body in good shape. To this end, you should select a set of exercises that will increase muscle mass. You must visit a section or gym at least 3 times a week. This is not only the path to a beautiful, sculpted body, but also a way to maintain your hormonal balance, improve reproductive function, and slow down aging.

For older men, it is better to consult a doctor and choose exercises based on your physical capabilities. It is useful to walk, swim, ride a bike. Strength sports and increased protein in the diet are recommended for young people.

Nutrition

The lack of testosterone in the blood can be compensated by properly selected nutrition. It is important that there are seafood on the table (shrimp, mussels, squid). You should reduce the fat content of your food; it is especially important to monitor your caloric intake if you are overweight.

Nuts, herbs, vegetables, berries and fruits are healthy. It is necessary to exclude alcoholic beverages and reduce consumption or abandon tobacco products. It is important to eat plenty of protein foods, which are necessary for testosterone synthesis and muscle building. You need to eat dairy products, dietary meats and fish.

If there are signs of a decrease in testosterone in a man’s body, the consumption of sweets, smoked foods, pickles and preserves is not recommended. Along with proper nutrition and physical activity, you should get enough sleep, combine work with rest, and avoid stressful situations.

Drug treatment

If preventive measures and lifestyle adjustments do not lead to a positive result and low testosterone levels persist, specialists prescribe medication therapy. It is used only after a complete examination of hormone levels. Not only testosterone should be checked, but also LH, estrogens and FSH in men.

If the lack of testosterone is secondary, it is necessary to consult with specialized specialists before using medications: contact an endocrinologist, neurologist, psychotherapist, or sex therapist. It is important to undergo therapy for prostatitis and other inflammatory processes in the pelvis, to exclude tumor formations in the testicles and disorders in the brain.

The following dosage forms are used for treatment:

pills;
transdermal patches containing the hormone;
injections;
gels.

Among the tablets, the most famous are Metadren and Andriol. They help increase testosterone and do not inhibit the independent production of this hormone.

Transdermal patches Androderm and Testoderm allow the body to constantly receive a certain dose of androgen when glued to the body. The active substance is completely absorbed through the skin and does not pass through the gastrointestinal tract.

Oil solutions of testosterone (Omnadren, Nebido), which are administered once a month, and sometimes less often, help well.

They contain testosterone in a form that allows its levels to be replenished over a long period of time. This is very convenient, unlike pills that need to be taken several times a day. But they often have side effects such as edema, priapism (painful erection), and decreased sperm quality.

All drugs related to the replacement of testosterone in the body should be taken strictly as directed by the doctor. Reducing the dosage will not bring the desired result, and increasing it can cause serious deviations and complete suppression of the synthesis of your own hormone.

Some specialists use drugs to increase potency such as Viagra and Cialis. But with reduced testosterone, their performance may be low. In the drugs, the active ingredient sildenafil ensures blood flow to the penis, and due to this, the erection becomes stronger. But a decrease in the male hormone will not allow full sexual intercourse. In addition, excessive use of such drugs can adversely affect the functioning of the cardiovascular system in older people.

Competent specialists offer a combination of two drugs for those men who have not been helped by monotherapy. The simultaneous use of androgen substitutes and Viagra (Cialis, Levitra) allows you to gain confidence in male power.

Chorionic gonadotropin helps stimulate the production of your own (endogenous) testosterone. But the drug affects the production of the hormone only if there is no tumor process or other disorder in the testicles, accompanied by changes in their functioning.

Testosterone is a hormone that is produced in the male testicles. It plays a very important role in the normal functioning of the body. That's why low testosterone in men causes a lot of problems. Let's consider why it decreases, how it manifests itself and affects its health.

Lack of testosterone in men is a failure in hormone production that occurs due to physical or pathological reasons and is accompanied by a deterioration in well-being due to decreased libido and muscle wasting. Since testosterone plays a vital role for the male body as a whole, the course of many processes and the health status of each organ will depend on its concentration. Therefore, it is so important to promptly identify hypotestosteronemia and take appropriate measures to increase the concentration of the hormone in the blood of men.

Functions of testosterone and consequences of its deficiency

The importance of testosterone for the full functioning of the male body can hardly be overestimated. From the moment a male baby is born, this hormone is responsible for its proper physical as well as psychological development.

Androgenic properties and anabolic effects will be reflected in the following:

Growth and development of male reproductive structures - deficit testosterone will lead to failure in the formation of the penis, testicles, and prostate. Subsequently, male infantilism, infertility, and impotence develop.
Timely appearance of secondary sexual characteristics - deepening of the voice in a teenage boy, covering of the skin with male-type hair. Decreased testosterone leads to early baldness in men, or incorrect placement of hair, in the female version.
Change in voice timbre - ligamentous structures thicken precisely due to the male hormone, so representatives of the stronger part of the population have a lower voice timbre. Whereas flaw testosterone in organism promotes the appearance of a high, ringing voice.
Formation of muscles according to the male version - it is the androgenic hormone that is responsible for the high synthesis of protein substances required for a full-fledged muscular frame of the body. Decline testostermen have it leads to pronounced muscle tissue wasting.

In addition to all of the above, with decreased testosterone levels serves as the basis for the formation of osteoporosis, changes in libido, as well as deterioration of intellectual activity and the occurrence of erectile dysfunction, male infertility.

Main symptoms of low testosterone

Causes of hormone reduction

There are a number of reasons why this indicator is decreasing. This can be either a specific disease or unfavorable factors. Basic reasons for decreased testosterone in men:

Bad habits. This is one of the most common causes of testosterone deficiency. Therefore, smoking, drug use, and uncontrolled drinking have a negative impact on hormonal levels in general, and not just on testosterone.
Stressful state, emotional overstrain. Men who are constantly under the influence of negative emotions can observe a lack of testosterone in their body after passing the necessary tests.
Wrong lifestyle, nutrition. This factor includes: poor physical activity, impaired functioning of the nervous system due to constant fatigue, excess weight as a result of poor nutrition, and unfavorable environmental conditions.
Long-term use of potent medications. This is especially true for those drugs that are addictive.
Suffered severe trauma and subsequent surgical removal of one or both testicles. Or congenital dysfunction of the testes, Klinefelter's syndrome, infectious damage to the male reproductive organs, for example, infectious parotitis.
Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary structures - developmental defects at the genetic level, for example, Kallmann syndrome, or the course of mental illnesses with their influence on the production of hormones. Pituitary tumors, both benign and malignant, have an extremely unfavorable prognosis.
Toxic damage to the brain and pelvic organs due to chronic abuse of drugs, alcohol, and medications.

Concerning decreased testosterone levels in men against the background of certain pathologies, these are:

high blood pressure;
the occurrence of shortness of breath;
cardiopalmus;
increased levels of bilirubin, which contributes to the preservation of the female hormone estrogen in the blood of men;
impaired renal function;
obesity;
dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system;
infectious pathologies;
hypothermia of the body;
high blood cholesterol levels.

Chronic diseases that can cause low testosterone in men:

osteoporosis;
depression;
diabetes;
obesity;
pathologies of the cardiovascular system.

Besides these reasons, lack of testosterone in a man's body can be observed as a result of poisoning with toxic substances, the active development of pathogenic microorganisms, hereditary predisposition, a significant number of concussions and bruises of the brain.

In addition, as a man ages, he experiences testosterone deficiency. This is due to weakened functioning of the genitourinary system in older people. That is, this situation is the norm for men over 50 years old.

It is important to know! A man's prolonged exposure to nervous tension helps to completely stop the production of this hormone!

Symptoms of illness

A total deficiency of this hormone in men leads to serious disorders in the body. He not only experiences severe ailments, but also begins to look worse. Basic visuals signs of low testosterone in men:

yellowing of the whites of the eyes;
paleness and cooling of the skin;
dry skin, the appearance of a significant number of wrinkles in a short time;
severe shortness of breath.

As for others symptoms of testosterone deficiency in men, then they are:

high pulse;
increased sweating;
hot flashes that bother women during menopause;
anemia;
the appearance of excess weight, mainly on the thigh;
abnormal growth and development of the mammary glands, which is associated with an increase in estrogen levels in the body;
gradual baldness of hair in the armpits, pubic area, and on the face;
weakening of bone tissue, a man is more susceptible to fractures;
rapid overwork, a man becomes less resilient when performing physical activity or carrying heavy objects;
painful sensations in the bones, body aches;
weakening of muscle mass, which leads to its decrease.

Symptoms of Low Testosterone in Men, which affect the functioning of the nervous system:

causeless mood swings, tendency to depression and apathy;
rapid fatigue both physically and emotionally;
impaired concentration, poor ability to remember;
insomnia at night and drowsiness during the day.

Basic signs of low testosterone in men's health:

significant weakening of erectile function;
lack of spontaneous erection after waking up;
decreased amount of seminal fluid;
decrease in testicle size;
excessively frequent urge to urinate.

In addition, a man’s blood pressure begins to rise too often.

It is important to know! A change in character also indicates a low level of testosterone in a man’s body! Some traits characteristic of him may change in the opposite direction.

Diagnostics

Experts note that determination of testosterone concentration is required only for those men who have clinical signs of hormone deficiency. So, if testosterone deficiency in men symptoms does not manifest itself, then only laboratory tests can help identify hidden deficiency.

The most important parameters, of course, are total and estimated free testosterone, which are calculated separately. Blood sampling for research should be carried out exclusively in the morning, when the concentration of the androgenic substance reaches its maximum.

At the moment testosterone deficiency in men, symptoms which is already noticeable visually is less than 12 nmol/l of total hormone, as well as 250 pmol/l of free testosterone. However, each laboratory may have its own reference values, which must be indicated in the final study forms.

Moreover, when identifying decreased testosterone levels in men, signs should also be observed in other laboratory and instrumental examinations - deviations in the concentration of LH and FSH, volumetric formation of the pituitary gland, osteoporosis on bone radiography, ultrasound signs in the testicles, testes, penis.

At the same time, the specialist evaluates the completeness of information - concentration testosterone, which reduces him, what previous diseases the man suffered. After all signs of low testosterone may be a consequence of banal overwork - in workaholics, athletes after intense training.

How to increase hormone levels

Treatment for low testosterone levels at the first stage is to carry out preventive measures that contribute to the normalization of the functioning of the body as a whole. The rules that a man must follow to improve his condition and increase this hormone include:

Moderate physical activity. Men should play sports to keep the body in good shape, but excessive physical activity is contraindicated. To normalize hormonal levels, a representative of the stronger sex should visit the gym about 3 times a week. It is also useful to go to the pool regularly. Swimming provides sufficient and moderate exercise, which is necessary for the release of testosterone.
Proper and balanced nutrition. A man’s body must receive a sufficient amount of vitamins, minerals and other beneficial substances. You also need to exclude fatty, fried, spicy, and overly salty foods from your daily diet. They negatively affect weight, which ultimately leads to obesity. In order to increase testosterone levels, you need to saturate the body with zinc, a large amount of which is found in protein foods.
Positive emotions. A man should try to avoid stressful situations, emotional turmoil and other negative factors. To do this, you should rest more. Moreover, rest should be active. You can regularly visit ski resorts, as well as various specialized sanatoriums. Visiting various exhibitions, concerts, etc. will also fill you with positive emotions.
Maintaining a daily routine. A man should give enough rest; he should sleep at least 8 hours a day. At the same time, moderate activity will only be beneficial.
Rejection of bad habits. The most common addictions are smoking and excessive drinking of alcoholic beverages. They need to be excluded from everyday life, which will help normalize hormonal levels. This is especially true for men who like to drink beer almost every day to quench their thirst.

It is important to know! Sweets in the form of daily snacks also help reduce testosterone levels! Therefore, to fully restore the body, it is necessary to exclude sweet foods from the diet.

Drug treatment

Treatment of testosterone deficiency with medications is required in cases where therapy without drugs does not produce a positive result.

Drug therapy is aimed at normalizing hormonal levels in men. Hormone replacement treatment will replenish missing hormones in the body. For this purpose the following are used types of medications:

hormonal patch;
injections for intramuscular administration;
tablets for oral use;
preparations containing hormones in the form of gels.

Hormonal therapy must be carried out under the strict supervision of the attending physician.

Medications will not only increase testosterone levels, but also improve erectile function in men, which is an important factor in the life of every member of the stronger sex. In addition, a man will experience increased hair growth on his face, armpits, pubic area, strengthened bone tissue, and increased muscle mass.

Consequences of low hormone levels

A total lack of testosterone can lead to extremely serious consequences. Especially if the man in this case is not given the necessary treatment. A lack of testosterone can cause the development of the following pathologies:

Infertility. Since this hormone is produced in the testicles, it directly affects the functioning of the genitourinary system. Erectile dysfunction gradually leads to dysfunction. The final stage of this condition is the inability to conceive children.
Osteoporosis. This disease is characterized by weakening of bone tissue. The skeleton becomes fragile, as a result of which a man becomes prone to fractures even with minor injury.
Arterial hypertension. High blood pressure begins to be chronic with a long-term lack of testosterone in the body.

Over time, a man experiences a predominance of female hormones, which are reflected in his appearance. He exhibits such Features characteristic of a male physique:

weak hair growth on the chest, pubic area, armpits, face or its complete disappearance;
deposition of fat cells on the thighs;
weakening of muscle tissue.

The skin gradually turns pale, the whites of the eyes acquire a yellowish tint, which makes its appearance extremely painful.

Therefore, it is very important to direct all your strength and energy to normalizing hormonal levels. This will not only improve your physical well-being, but will also help restore your emotional state.

Elevated testosterone levels in men

An increase in this hormone in the male body is the norm exclusively during adolescence. As for middle-aged or elderly men, this process can cause a lot of health problems, as well as insufficient testosterone. An excessive amount of the hormone causes increased hair growth, acne and pimples in an adult man. In particularly advanced situations, testicular death may occur.

This condition must be diagnosed by the attending physician. And he is also obliged to control the process of lowering the level of this hormone. In most cases A man can reduce testosterone by eating certain foods, which inhibit the release of this hormone. These include:

Alcoholic drinks. This is especially true for beer. This alcoholic drink helps activate the female hormone.
Meat products. To reduce testosterone, you should eat baked pork, sausage, sausages, etc. They help convert testosterone into estrogen.
Soy products.
Sugar and salt in large quantities. Sweets and salty foods suppress testosterone production in men. Sweet fruits contain large amounts of glucose. They should be emphasized. Because fruits are enriched with vitamins and other beneficial substances, they also do not contain lipids, which can lead to obesity.
Caffeinated products. Coffee and dark chocolate help reduce testosterone to the required level.

But you should not overdo it with such foods. After all, an excessive amount of them can reduce the hormone below normal, which will result in unpleasant consequences.

Prevention of low testosterone

Reduced testosterone levels negatively affects health in men. Therefore, it is better to take care of the normal state of hormonal levels from a young age. To do this you need to adhere to the following rules:

Moderate physical activity. Every man should regularly visit gyms and swimming pools. Strengthening muscle mass helps avoid obesity, which inhibits testosterone production.
Proper nutrition. The diet should consist of healthy foods that contain a significant amount of vitamins, minerals and other beneficial substances.
Fried, fatty, spicy and salty foods should be avoided.
Avoid stress. Young people whose professional activities cause regular stress and emotional strain are better off changing jobs. Since this type of activity will lead to serious hormonal imbalance.
Daily regime. Following a daily routine is an integral part of prevention if a man wants to maintain normal erectile function and hormonal levels for as long as possible. You need to devote enough time to proper rest.

Low testosterone is a serious male problem that should be addressed as early as possible. This will help avoid negative consequences in the future.

Functions of testosterone and consequences of its deficiency

Androgenic properties and anabolic effects will be reflected in the following:

Growth and development of male reproductive structures - deficit testosterone will lead to failure in the formation of the penis, testicles, and prostate. Subsequently, male infantilism, infertility, and impotence develop.
Timely appearance of secondary sexual characteristics - deepening of the voice in a teenage boy, covering of the skin with male-type hair. Decreased testosterone leads to early baldness in men, or incorrect placement of hair, in the female version.
Change in voice timbre - ligamentous structures thicken precisely due to the male hormone, so representatives of the stronger part of the population have a lower voice timbre. Whereas flaw testosterone in organism promotes the appearance of a high, ringing voice.
Formation of muscles according to the male version - it is the androgenic hormone that is responsible for the high synthesis of protein substances required for a full-fledged muscular frame of the body. Decline testostermen have it leads to pronounced muscle tissue wasting.

Main symptoms of low testosterone

Causes of hormone reduction

There are a number of reasons why this indicator is decreasing. This can be either a specific disease or unfavorable factors. Basic reasons for decreased testosterone in men:

Bad habits. This is one of the most common causes of testosterone deficiency. Therefore, smoking, drug use, and uncontrolled drinking have a negative impact on hormonal levels in general, and not just on testosterone.
Stressful state, emotional overstrain. Men who are constantly under the influence of negative emotions can observe a lack of testosterone in their body after passing the necessary tests.
Wrong lifestyle, nutrition. This factor includes: poor physical activity, impaired functioning of the nervous system due to constant fatigue, excess weight as a result of poor nutrition, and unfavorable environmental conditions.
Long-term use of potent medications. This is especially true for those drugs that are addictive.
Suffered severe trauma and subsequent surgical removal of one or both testicles. Or congenital dysfunction of the testes, Klinefelter's syndrome, infectious damage to the male reproductive organs, for example, infectious parotitis.
Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary structures - developmental defects at the genetic level, for example, Kallmann syndrome, or the course of mental illnesses with their influence on the production of hormones. Pituitary tumors, both benign and malignant, have an extremely unfavorable prognosis.
Toxic damage to the brain and pelvic organs due to chronic abuse of drugs, alcohol, and medications.

Concerning decreased testosterone levels in men against the background of certain pathologies, these are:

high blood pressure;
the occurrence of shortness of breath;
cardiopalmus;
increased levels of bilirubin, which contributes to the preservation of the female hormone estrogen in the blood of men;
impaired renal function;
obesity;
dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system;
infectious pathologies;
hypothermia of the body;
high blood cholesterol levels.

Chronic diseases that can cause low testosterone in men:

osteoporosis;
depression;
diabetes;
obesity;
pathologies of the cardiovascular system.

It is important to know! A man's prolonged exposure to nervous tension helps to completely stop the production of this hormone!

Symptoms of illness

yellowing of the whites of the eyes;
paleness and cooling of the skin;
dry skin, the appearance of a significant number of wrinkles in a short time;
severe shortness of breath.

As for others symptoms of testosterone deficiency in men, then they are:

high pulse;
increased sweating;
hot flashes that bother women during menopause;
anemia;
the appearance of excess weight, mainly on the thigh;
abnormal growth and development of the mammary glands, which is associated with an increase in estrogen levels in the body;
gradual baldness of hair in the armpits, pubic area, and on the face;
weakening of bone tissue, a man is more susceptible to fractures;
rapid overwork, a man becomes less resilient when performing physical activity or carrying heavy objects;
painful sensations in the bones, body aches;
weakening of muscle mass, which leads to its decrease.

Symptoms of Low Testosterone in Men, which affect the functioning of the nervous system:

causeless mood swings, tendency to depression and apathy;
rapid fatigue both physically and emotionally;
impaired concentration, poor ability to remember;
insomnia at night and drowsiness during the day.

Basic signs of low testosterone in men's health:

significant weakening of erectile function;
lack of spontaneous erection after waking up;
decreased amount of seminal fluid;
decrease in testicle size;
excessively frequent urge to urinate.

In addition, a man’s blood pressure begins to rise too often.

It is important to know! A change in character also indicates a low level of testosterone in a man’s body! Some traits characteristic of him may change in the opposite direction.

Diagnostics

How to increase hormone levels

Moderate physical activity. Men should play sports to keep the body in good shape, but excessive physical activity is contraindicated. To normalize hormonal levels, a representative of the stronger sex should visit the gym about 3 times a week. It is also useful to go to the pool regularly. Swimming provides sufficient and moderate exercise, which is necessary for the release of testosterone.
Proper and balanced nutrition. A man’s body must receive a sufficient amount of vitamins, minerals and other beneficial substances. You also need to exclude fatty, fried, spicy, and overly salty foods from your daily diet. They negatively affect weight, which ultimately leads to obesity. In order to increase testosterone levels, you need to saturate the body with zinc, a large amount of which is found in protein foods.
Positive emotions. A man should try to avoid stressful situations, emotional turmoil and other negative factors. To do this, you should rest more. Moreover, rest should be active. You can regularly visit ski resorts, as well as various specialized sanatoriums. Visiting various exhibitions, concerts, etc. will also fill you with positive emotions.
Maintaining a daily routine. A man should give enough rest; he should sleep at least 8 hours a day. At the same time, moderate activity will only be beneficial.
Rejection of bad habits. The most common addictions are smoking and excessive drinking of alcoholic beverages. They need to be excluded from everyday life, which will help normalize hormonal levels. This is especially true for men who like to drink beer almost every day to quench their thirst.

It is important to know! Sweets in the form of daily snacks also help reduce testosterone levels! Therefore, to fully restore the body, it is necessary to exclude sweet foods from the diet.

Drug treatment

Treatment of testosterone deficiency with medications is required in cases where therapy without drugs does not produce a positive result.

hormonal patch;
injections for intramuscular administration;
tablets for oral use;
preparations containing hormones in the form of gels.

Hormonal therapy must be carried out under the strict supervision of the attending physician.

Consequences of low hormone levels

Infertility. Since this hormone is produced in the testicles, it directly affects the functioning of the genitourinary system. Erectile dysfunction gradually leads to dysfunction. The final stage of this condition is the inability to conceive children.
Osteoporosis. This disease is characterized by weakening of bone tissue. The skeleton becomes fragile, as a result of which a man becomes prone to fractures even with minor injury.
Arterial hypertension. High blood pressure begins to be chronic with a long-term lack of testosterone in the body.

Over time, a man experiences a predominance of female hormones, which are reflected in his appearance. He exhibits such Features characteristic of a male physique:

weak hair growth on the chest, pubic area, armpits, face or its complete disappearance;
deposition of fat cells on the thighs;
weakening of muscle tissue.

The skin gradually turns pale, the whites of the eyes acquire a yellowish tint, which makes its appearance extremely painful.

Therefore, it is very important to direct all your strength and energy to normalizing hormonal levels. This will not only improve your physical well-being, but will also help restore your emotional state.

Elevated testosterone levels in men

Alcoholic drinks. This is especially true for beer. This alcoholic drink helps activate the female hormone.
Meat products. To reduce testosterone, you should eat baked pork, sausage, sausages, etc. They help convert testosterone into estrogen.
Soy products.
Sugar and salt in large quantities. Sweets and salty foods suppress testosterone production in men. Sweet fruits contain large amounts of glucose. They should be emphasized. Because fruits are enriched with vitamins and other beneficial substances, they also do not contain lipids, which can lead to obesity.
Caffeinated products. Coffee and dark chocolate help reduce testosterone to the required level.

But you should not overdo it with such foods. After all, an excessive amount of them can reduce the hormone below normal, which will result in unpleasant consequences.

Prevention of low testosterone

Moderate physical activity. Every man should regularly visit gyms and swimming pools. Strengthening muscle mass helps avoid obesity, which inhibits testosterone production.
Proper nutrition. The diet should consist of healthy foods that contain a significant amount of vitamins, minerals and other beneficial substances.
Fried, fatty, spicy and salty foods should be avoided.
Avoid stress. Young people whose professional activities cause regular stress and emotional strain are better off changing jobs. Since this type of activity will lead to serious hormonal imbalance.
Daily regime. Following a daily routine is an integral part of prevention if a man wants to maintain normal erectile function and hormonal levels for as long as possible. You need to devote enough time to proper rest.

Low testosterone is a serious male problem that should be addressed as early as possible. This will help avoid negative consequences in the future.

Most testosterone in men is produced in the testes of the testes. The level of the hormone in the blood depends on age and is 12-40 nmol/l. In the male body, testosterone is responsible for muscle growth, sexual desire, protein synthesis, fat burning, glucose absorption and character development. In a situation where the content of the sex hormone becomes below normal, its synthetic analogues may be prescribed. For drug treatment, tablets, capsules and oil solutions are most often used. With a slight decrease in androgen, folk remedies, dietary supplements and physical exercise can be beneficial.

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Symptoms of Low Testosterone

It affects the functioning of all organs and systems in the body. For this reason, its deficiency leads to significant health problems, worsening not only the physical, but also the psycho-emotional state.

The following symptoms of low testosterone levels are distinguished:

1. Decreased sexual desire. The lack of androgen in the male body primarily manifests itself in intimate intimacy. In this case, a decrease in libido is accompanied by a deterioration in erectile function.
2. Decrease in the amount of muscle tissue in the body. Testosterone is a powerful anabolic, i.e. it is directly involved in protein synthesis, building and preventing the destruction of muscle fibers. With a lack of sex hormone, a decrease in physical strength and endurance also occurs.
3. Decrease in vitality. The lack of vital energy caused by low testosterone levels manifests itself in apathy, rapid fatigue during physical activity, and slow restoration of the functions of the entire body.
4. Changes in secondary sexual characteristics. They manifest themselves in slower hair growth and increased voice timbre. In adolescents during puberty, a lack of testosterone leads to disturbances in the formation of the Adam's apple, genitals, and figure.
5. Osteoporosis. The male sex hormone is involved in the absorption of calcium from food. It is for this reason that the strongest bones in men are observed at the age of 20-28 years, when the level of testosterone in the blood is at its highest.
6. Decreased mental abilities. A lack of male sex hormone in the body leads to impaired brain function. Due to malfunctions of the central nervous system, sleep disturbances, mood swings, and depression occur.
7. Frequent urination. A low amount of androgen leads to the fact that the processes of catabolism (tissue destruction) are activated, resulting in the release of a large amount of fluid. This is also associated with a rapid decrease in a man’s body weight.
8. Anemia. Testosterone deficiency leads to a decrease in hemoglobin levels in the blood. This can manifest itself as pale skin color, shortness of breath, and fatigue.

Reasons for decreased hormone levels

There are many factors influencing the decrease: from adverse environmental effects to disorders in the psycho-emotional sphere.

The main ones are:

1. Testicular dysfunction. A decrease in testosterone production in the testes can be caused by injury, inflammatory diseases, or be a consequence of surgery or abnormal placement of the testicles.
2. Malfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary system. Certain areas of the brain are responsible for the generation of signals for the production of hormones that directly affect the production of testosterone in the male body. As a result of the disruption of communication between the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus, there is a lack of stimulation of the testes to produce androgen. This connection can be disrupted by genetic defects (Kallmann syndrome) or as a result of a decrease in the intrinsic mass of the hypothalamus.
3. Bad habits. Exposure to the body of various drugs, alcohol and tobacco smoke leads to disruptions in the functioning of the entire hormonal system of a man.
4. Psycho-emotional stress and stress. In situations where the body does not have time to recover from regular psychological stress, exhaustion of the nervous system occurs, and, as a result, inhibition of the functions of the testicles, pituitary gland and hypothalamus.
5. Aging of the body. After 30 years, testosterone levels in the male body begin to decline by an average of 1-2 percent per year. An unbalanced diet and a sedentary lifestyle can accelerate natural decline.
6. Klinefelter's syndrome. An inherited genetic disease resulting in a deficiency of Y chromosomes. For example, instead of the usual XYY chromosome configuration, there is an altered XXY configuration.
7. Kallmann syndrome. Pathology leading to a deficiency of the male sex hormone due to disturbances in the functioning of the hypothalamus.
8. Mental disorders accompanied by refusal to eat. Poor nutrition for depression, bulimia, anorexia, schizophrenia and various forms of dementia leads to insufficient intake of essential nutrients into the body. This, in turn, has a depressing effect on the functions of the testicles and other organs responsible for the production of testosterone.

Drug treatment

In some cases, surgical operations (changing the location of the testicles) may be required to normalize the production of the body's own testosterone. Most often, treatment for low levels of male sex hormone is carried out using its synthetic analogues. They are produced in 2 main forms: tablets and oil solutions.

It is advisable to take testosterone in tablets during short stages of treatment (4-6 weeks). With long-term therapy, drugs alkylated on the 17-alpha group can cause mechanical damage to the liver and lead to jaundice, cirrhosis and even cancer of this organ.

Name	Description	Image
Methyltestosterone	A powerful androgen with many side effects. The drug is able to quickly (the therapeutic effect occurs 20-30 minutes after administration) increase the content of the male sex hormone in the blood several times. Accepted dosages – 10-25 mg per day
Methandrostenolone	A medicine is prescribed for the treatment of testosterone deficiency, accompanied by protein metabolism disorders, anorexia, osteoporosis and other manifestations of male hormone deficiency. Take methandrostenolone at a dosage of 10-30 mg per day
Strombafort	The advantage of the drug compared to other tableted testosterone preparations is its ability not to undergo aromatization (conversion into female sex hormones). This quality of Strombafort is used in the treatment of men with signs of gynecomastia and obesity. Accepted dosages – 10-30 mg per day

Oil solutions of testosterone are prescribed for long courses of treatment (from several months to a year). The advantage of this form is the absence of negative effects on the liver. Rare injections of drugs will also be a significant advantage: 1 injection every 2-4 weeks.

Name	Description	Image
Omnadren	The medicine is produced in 1 ml ampoules containing a mixture of 4 testosterone esters. The therapeutic effect of the drug begins a few hours after the injection and lasts up to 1 month. Omnadren dosages range from 250 to 500 mg every 2-4 weeks. The medicine has a large number of side effects: gynecomastia, inhibition of the production of its own androgen, acne, increased blood pressure and water retention in the body. The drug is prescribed mainly for hormone replacement therapy for gonadal dysfunction.
Testosterone enanthate	The medicine increases the level of testosterone in the blood for 3-4 weeks after 1 injection. Prescribed in dosages from 250 to 1000 mg once a month. The side effects are the same as those characteristic of other injectable drugs - synthetic analogues of male sex hormones
Nebido	The active ingredient of the drug is testosterone undecanoate, a compound that has the slowest androgen-enhancing effect on the body of all medications in its class. Prescribed in an amount of 4 mg once a month. Side effects when the dosage is observed are rare, but there is a possibility of increased blood pressure, acne, swelling and gynecomastia

It must be borne in mind that the prescription of a particular drug should be carried out only by a doctor after undergoing a full medical examination. Self-medication with synthetic androgen analogues can lead to serious negative consequences for the body.

Gardnerella in men - causes, symptoms and treatment methods

Use of dietary supplements and medicinal plants

The therapeutic effect of dietary supplements and medicinal herbs for low testosterone levels in men is based on replenishing the amount of missing trace elements and vitamins in the body.

Dietary supplements can stimulate the production of the body’s own hormones:

Name	Description	Image
Tribulus	The drug increases the amount, which, in turn, stimulates the production of testosterone in the testicles
Tongkat	Contains plant substances (prohormones) that have an activating effect on the production of your own sex hormone
Testogenone	L-arginine in combination with extracts of yohimbe bark, pygeum bark, ginseng root and vitamins B and C has a general strengthening effect on the body, stimulates the functioning of the genitourinary and central nervous systems

In terms of their effectiveness, dietary supplements are significantly inferior to synthetic testosterone analogues. However, these supplements do not have the side effects associated with medications, which makes their use justifiable in older men, as well as in situations where the lack of the hormone in the body is minor.

Tinctures and decoctions of medicinal herbs

You can compensate for the lack of nutrients in the body to increase testosterone using folk remedies. To do this, it is recommended to use decoctions and tinctures of medicinal plants:

Name	Description	Image
Garlic tincture	Increases immunity, helps fight pathogenic microorganisms, increases vitality and stimulates the production of endogenous testosterone. The tincture is prepared as follows: put 5 cloves of garlic in a 0.5 liter glass jar, fill them with 250 ml of vodka and leave to infuse in a cool place for 13-15 days. After this, the liquid fraction should be poured into a clean, opaque container and taken 5-10 ml of the product each time before meals. To enhance the therapeutic effect, it is recommended to add 1 small onion, cut into 3-4 parts, to the tincture
Leuzea tincture	Has properties to increase testosterone and male strength. The composition can be purchased at a pharmacy or prepared at home. When making your own tincture, you need to pour 30 g of the dried plant with 200 ml of alcohol and let it brew for 2-3 weeks. After this, strain the composition through cheesecloth and take 20-30 drops 3 times a day. The product helps reduce emotional stress, has a beneficial effect on the physical condition of the body, and increases overall tone.	Leuzea tincture
Ginseng decoction	Increases immunity, potency and overall tone of the body. It is also used for enlargement. Method of preparation: brew 50 g of dried crushed plant root with 0.5 liters of boiling water, let it brew for 1.5-2 hours, then filter through cheesecloth. Store the finished composition in a dark glass container for no more than 2 days. You need to take 100 ml before each meal.

Physical exercise

If the body is subjected to a certain level of stress, it can lead to increased production of anabolic hormones. In this case, short-term but intense physical activity will be useful.

The best exercises to activate the production of your own testosterone are:

1. Sprinting. 3-4 approaches are performed. The essence of the exercise is to run 80-100 m at the highest possible speed. To avoid injury, such jogging must be done after a thorough warm-up and stretching of all muscles and ligaments.
2. Squats with a barbell. The movements involve the largest muscle groups of skeletal muscles. As a result of intensive performance of this exercise, all body systems are “rebooted”, and the active production of testosterone and other anabolic hormones begins. Squats are performed as follows: you need to go to the rack, equip the barbell with plates (the weight of the apparatus should be such that you can squat 20 times), sit under it, put it on your shoulders and, without arching your back, do a squat. The number of repetitions is 16-18 in each of 5-6 approaches. It is recommended to keep the rest time between approaches as short as possible – 30-40 seconds. This is necessary so that the muscles do not have time to adapt to the load.

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