Word order in an English sentence. Correct word order in an English sentence: exercises Exercises word order English

In order to construct even the simplest sentence in English, you need to know the word order in the language. This seemingly simple, but very important topic is the starting point in the study of English grammar.

Subject + predicate + direct object

In a regular affirmative sentence, the subject is placed immediately before the predicate (verb). The direct object, when present, comes immediately after the verb. For example:

  • They bought a car. — They bought a car.
  • We can't do that. - We can't do this.
  • The girl in a blue dress was playing the piano. — A girl in a blue dress was playing the piano.

Predicate

Note that by subject here we mean not only the main noun or pronoun, but also the adjectives or descriptive phrases that refer to it. The rest of the sentence that does not refer to the subject is called the predicate. For example:

  • The girl in a blue dress was playing the piano.

Indirect additions and circumstances

If there are any other parts in the sentence - indirect additions or circumstances - they usually occupy a strictly defined place.

Indirect object position

after direct object if it contains the preposition to.

The indirect object is placed before direct object when to is missing. For example:

  • The teacher gave dictionaries to the pupils. — The teacher distributed dictionaries to the students.
  • The teacher gave them dictionaries. — The teacher gave them dictionaries.

Position of circumstance

The circumstance can be placed in three places:

Before the subject (usually these are tense adverbs)

  • In the morning he was reading a book. — In the morning he was reading a book.

After the addition (almost any adverb or adverbial phrase can be placed here):

  • He was reading a book at the library. — He was reading a book in the library.

Between the auxiliary and main verb (usually short adverbs):

  • He has already read this book. — He has already read the book.

Usually in standard English there are no other words placed between the subject and the predicate or between the predicate and the object. But there are a few exceptions. Here are the most important ones:

Adverbs of frequency and indirect objects without the preposition to

  • I sometimes drink coffee in the morning. - I Sometimes I drink coffee in the morning.
  • He showed the driver his bus pass. — He showed driver your bus pass.

If you follow these simple rules, you will be able to avoid mistakes in the placement of words in English sentence. The examples given are intentionally simple - but the same rules can be applied to more. For example:

  • The woman, , never went to sleep before - The woman [who often felt lonely] never went to bed without calling her sister.

Stylistic change in word order

Of course, there are exceptions to the rules, and writers or speakers often use unusual word order to achieve a particular effect. But if we now focus on exceptions, we will distract ourselves from the main principles, and the problem of word order in a sentence may seem very difficult.

So here are some more examples: You should know that these sentences exist, but don't try to use them unless absolutely necessary until you have mastered the principles of normal word order (remember, you need to learn to walk before you can run!):

  • Never before had he felt so miserable. “He had never felt so unhappy before.”

If a sentence begins with never or never before, the subject and predicate are often subject to inversion, i.e. change places. Don't use inversion when never follows the subject!

  • Hardly had I finished cleaning the house, my friend called. “I had barely finished cleaning the house when my friend called.

(When a sentence begins with hardly, the subject and predicate must always be inverted.)

  • Had they known, they"d never have done that. - Had they known this, they would never have done that.

(Inversion is used in hypothetical condition structures when if is omitted.)

  • Whatever you can tell me, I know already. “Whatever you tell me, I already know.”

Here's the expanded addition: Whatever you can tell me, is placed at the beginning of the sentence for artistic reasons: this sentence structure is not necessary, it's just .

Now, having mastered the rules of construction simple sentences, you can move on to more complex sentences with subordinate clauses.

How do you feel about non-standard word order in English? Difficult, unclear? Share in the comments!

Exercises for Beginners

Exercise 1.
1. good, I, student, am, a.
2. famous, he, footballer, is a?
3. Mary, very, looks, happy.
4. The dolls, very, are, pretty.
5. clever, she, girl, is, a.
6. Bella, a, is, not, good, cat.
7. sings, well, he.
8. will, rain, it, soon.
9. listened to, teacher, the, they.
10. English, have, they, Wednesday, on.

Exercise 2. Put the words in the correct order.
1. Sunday, went, to the Zoo, we, on.
2. How, do, have, pets, they, many?
3. Not, I, will, see, friend, soon, my.
4. he, what, do, will, weekends, at?
5. Uses, the, at, work, he, computer.
6. does, he, not, know, the girl.
7. English, they, not, do, study.
8. was, I, not, school, at, yesterday.
9. there, many, people, in, the, were, park.
10. at, cinema, the, were, they, week, last.

Exercise 3. Put the words in the correct order.
1. in, town, are, there, houses, a lot of.
2. go, yesterday, they, did, where?
3. country, usually, goes, with, Mary, to, who, the?
4. what, banana, color, is, a?
5. are, leaves, there, on, trees, the, no.
6. there, is, a, dog, door, near, the.
7. snow, it, winter, last, didn’t.
8. book, was, interesting, very, the.
9. can, draw, well, they.
10. we, not, must, eat, on the bus.

Exercise 4. Translate the sentences into Present Simple on English language. Do not forget that the word order in an English sentence is DIRECT.
1. I go to work every day.
2. At 7 o'clock I get up.
3. My brother reads in the evening.
4. I speak English well.
5. I love candy!
6. My sister loves dogs.
7. Children play with the dog every day.

1. Put the words in the sentences in order.

Usually / at 10 o'clock / out of the garage / in the morning / drives / his bike / Fred A shower / after dinner / often / Mrs Lewis / takes A parking place / near the library / we / find / rarely To / I / on / a / night-club / sometimes / Saturdays / go Fly / my parents / to Australia / sometimes / I / in winter / and Enjoys / very much / swimming / in the pool / always / Mary Hardly / last year / could / skate / I Is / near / house / there / new / a / our / cinema Got / my / problems / I / with / have / home-task / some Well / think / your / very / I / don't / sister / drives To / parents / once / the theater / month / my / a / go His / car / two / ago / Jim / sold / years Necklace / can't / anywhere / Cindy / her / find Been / to / India / Mike / has / year / already / this Lunch / never / weekdays / she / has / on

2. Translate.

I rarely watch TV. It's dark outside and I'll go to bed soon. They are discussing something very noisily in the bedroom. He walked slowly along the river. During lessons we often sing songs. I quietly closed the door and immediately went to the bathroom. My uncle loves fishing very much. Anna can play tennis well. She yells at the kids all the time. I will put your books on the table. I don't know him well enough. There are a lot of good films on TV today. There is a beautiful fountain in the park. Last Tuesday it was very windy. I bought these shoes in Italy.

3. Choose the correct word order in the subordinate clauses of the sentences.

Could you tell us what time... (it is – is it – does it)? Do you know when… (our bus leave – our bus leaves – does our bus leave)? I wonder if... (he is a doctor – is he a doctor – a doctor is he). Do you remember what... (did Jane wear – Jane wear – Jane wore) yesterday? Do you think... (she can cook well – can she cook well – she can cook well)?

Answers:

Fred usually drives his bike out of the garage at 10 o’clock in the morning. (Fred usually leaves the garage on his bike at 10 o'clock in the morning.) Lewis often takes a shower after dinner. (Mrs. Lewis often showers after dinner.) We rarely find a parking place near the library. (We rarely find a place to park at the library.) I sometimes go to a night-club on Saturdays. (Sometimes I go to a nightclub on Saturdays.) My parents and I sometimes fly to Australia in winter. (My parents and I sometimes fly to Australia in the winter.) Mary always enjoys swimming in the pool very much. (Mary always really likes swimming in the pool.) I could hardly skate last year. (I could hardly skate last year.) There is a new cinema near our house. (There is a new cinema near our house.) I have got some problems with my home-task. (I have problems with homework.) I don’t think your sister drives very well. (I don't think your sister drives a car very well.) My parents go to the theater once a month. (My parents go to the theater once a month.) Jim sold his car two years ago. (Jim sold his car two years ago.) Cindy can't find her necklace anywhere. (Cindy can't find her necklace anywhere.) Mike has already been to India this year. (Mike has already been to India this year.) She never has lunch on weekdays. (She never has lunch on weekdays.)

I rarely watch TV. It’s dark outside and I am going to bed soon. They are discussing something very loudly in the bedroom. He was walking slowly along the river. We often sing songs at the lessons. I shut the door quietly and went to the bathroom immediately. My uncle loves fishing very much. Ann can play tennis well. She is shouting at the kids all the time. I will put your books on the table. I don't know him well enough. There are a lot of good films on TV today. There is a nice fountain in the park. It was very windy last Tuesday. I bought these shoes in Italy.

It is (Could you tell us what time it is?) Our bus leaves (Do you know when our bus leaves?) He is a doctor (I wonder if he is a doctor.) Jane wore (Do you remember what you were wearing) Jane yesterday?) She can cook well (Do you think she can cook well?)


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The correct order of words in a sentence in English is a painful topic for many, especially those who are just starting to learn the intricacies of translation. foreign language. But, be that as it may, the topic must be mastered well, since competent speech is an integral part of a pleasant impression of a person. Let's look at the order of words in an English sentence and the features of its construction, and also give vivid examples for better assimilation of information. Go ahead for new knowledge!

Before we proceed to the main block of information, we immediately note that today we will consider the construction rules only standard offers. Today we will not talk about the intricacies of composing complex inversions, exclamations and elliptical constructions, but will talk exclusively about standard sentences. They are a kind of skeleton, the basis for composing other types of sentences. So, let's get down to the rules for constructing a standard sentence.

The purpose of sentences is to express a comprehensive idea. To achieve this goal, you need to use the parts of the sentence in the right composition, which allows you to make the thought complete. For a sentence to be logical, it must contain two main components in the form and predicate. In a standard sentence, the subjects come first, then the predicates.

How to determine the subjects? Everything is simple if you remember that they can be expressed not only by nouns, but also by pronouns. Mother, apple, cat, tail, flower, phone, cake can be used as nouns; I, we, you, they, he, she, it can be used as pronouns. The predicates are expressed (to write, to sleep, to enjoy, to read, to bake) and, as we have already said, occupy the second place in the sentence (the subjects come first).

For a better understanding, here are some examples:

  • The bird is singing => The bird is singing.
  • The child is smiling => The child is smiling.
  • The pear will ripen => The pear will ripen.

Note! Predicates allow you to understand what is happening, has happened or will happen to a subject or object. Moreover, they can consist of two parts - the main and auxiliary verbs. Exactly auxiliary verb allows you to determine the time in which the action takes place, and this, in turn, allows you to correctly translate sentences from one language to another.

In addition to the main members of the sentence, there are also additional, so-called minor members, which include => additions, definitions, . There are two types of additions - direct and indirect. Their sequence in a sentence is that the direct object comes first, followed by the indirect object.

  • They saw a cat with her => They saw a cat with her.
  • The grandmother is baking a cake to the children => Grandmother bakes a cake for the children.

When we talk about a definition, we need to remember that it stands next to subjects or objects and is used to describe their characteristics. Answers the questions “which?”, “whose?”.

  • I look at this marvelous picture => I look at this wonderful picture.
  • Her gray rabbit lies on the carpet =>

If we are talking about a circumstance, then the peculiarities of the context should be taken into account, since the circumstance can be placed both at the end and at the beginning of the sentence.

  • Her gray rabbit lies on the carpet => Her gray rabbit lies on the carpet.
  • Tomorrow she will be listening to the music => Tomorrow she will listen to music.
  • I will come to you the next day => I will come to you the next day.
  • Her friend behaves indifferently => Her friend behaves vaguely.

Structure English offers

The English language offers forward and backward word order. We see the first option in the affirmative and negative sentence, the second is when you need to formulate a question.

Reference: Sentences in English are different from sentences in Russian. In the Russian language we observe free word order => Galya took ''Gala'', ''Gala'' took Galya, took ''Gala'' Galya. Regardless of the order of words in a sentence, the meaning does not change, which cannot be said about English language => Galya was taking Gala - the only one correct translation in English.

Fixed word order in a sentence is a feature of the English language. Here one member of the sentence clearly follows the other. For children, this feature of the English language can be a kind of stick in the wheels, because in the Russian language everything is different.

Remember: english words They cannot “jump” from one place to another. The conservatism of the order of words in a sentence explains the conservatism in the behavior of the British, their penchant for order and regularity.

Word order in an English sentence: affirmation, negation, question

Here the scheme is simple, subject + predicate + object. But! There are cases when a circumstance as an addition is put in first place (we have already looked at examples). Please also note that the main verb can be accompanied by an auxiliary verb. But in this case it is easier than in the case of an addition, because the auxiliary verb is an integral part of the predicate. The result is direct word order. Below table will help you understand the material easier.

Word order in an affirmative sentence

Circumstance Subject Predicate Addition Circumstance
Tomorrow she will learn Spanish vocabulary. ———
Tomorrow she will learn Spanish vocabulary.
——— Her elder brother will visit her in five weeks.
Her older brother will visit her in five weeks.
Next year I will come here again.
Next year I will come here again.

Note that modifiers can be added to subjects.

Word order in a negative sentence

Circumstance Subject Auxiliary verb+not Basic verb Addition Circumstance
Last week he did not study English.
He didn't study English last week.
——— Her little friend will not come to me in several days.
Her little friend won't come to me for a few days.
Next month I will not do my exercises. ————
Next month I won't do my exercises.

The given sentences are negative, but they also have standard word order. To express negation and turn an affirmative sentence into a negative one, we use the particle not .

Reference: In negative sentences there will always be an Auxiliary verb, since it is to it that the particle is added not. Particle to main verb not cannot adjoin.

Word order in a question sentence

The Auxiliary verb always comes first. For comparison: in Russian we can guess only by intonation that we were asked a question. In English there is no need to listen to intonation, because if there is not the proposal will be negative in any case.

Reference: An interrogative sentence is characterized by reverse word order. What does it mean? Subjects and predicates are swapped. But... since we have already talked about conservatism, remember that only , that is, only part of the predicate, should be put in first place. Further, the formation of sentences will proceed in the standard way - theBasic verb should be placed only after Auxiliaryverb.

This is interesting! In interrogative sentences, the circumstance is never put first. It will come at the end of the sentence. Those who build a question with a circumstance at the beginning of an interrogative sentence make a mistake. Remember this!

Let's sum it up

The construction of sentences in English has its own rules and nuances. First you need to remember that all English sentences have a standard verbal order. Reverse word order is unique to interrogative sentences. In this case, it is not the main verb that comes first, but its auxiliary part. The main verb comes only after the subject.

Considerable attention should be paid to additions. If we are talking about circumstances, then they can appear either at the beginning or at the end of sentences. But! If we are talking about questions, then remember that in these cases the adverbial clause is the last member of the sentence, not the first.

Knowing the order of words in an English sentence, you will quickly learn how to correctly compose correct sentences of an affirmative, negative and interrogative nature. Good luck and patience! Remember: patience, perseverance and work are the basis of ideal success! Good luck!

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Content Content
Word order in an English declarative sentence... 4

Noun ……………………………………………………… 5

Article……………………………………………………...... 6

Pronoun……………………………………………………….. 7

Some, any, no…………………………………………....................... 8

Many, much, few, little ……………………………………………………………… 9

Adjective ……………………………………………………. 10

Numeral………………………………………………………..12

Prepositions………………………………………………………..12

“to be”………………………………………………………………...14

‘There+be’……………….……………………………………………15

“to be, to do, to have” …………………………………………………15

“have/have got” ……………………………………………………….17

Verb tenses in the active voice………………………………...18

Verb tenses in the passive voice………………………………26

Modal verbs and their equivalents……………………………. 28

Types of interrogative sentences …………………………… 32

Communion ……………………………………………………………………………… 33

Participial phrases……………………………………………………………….. 35

Gerund. Gerundial turnover ………………………………… 36

Infinitive. Infinitive phrases…………………………….. 37

Coordination of times……………………………………………………….. 39

Direct and indirect speech……………………………………………. 40

Conditional sentences……………………………………………. 42

STOP & CHECK YOURSELF………………………………………………………. 44

To table 1 :Word order in English

declarative sentence

Task 1.


  1. Is, a, table, book, on, there, the. 2

  2. Library, very, is, good, our.

  3. Are 35, pupils, class, our, in, there.

  4. Like, I, read, to, books.

  5. She, to, goes, Pete, with, school.

  6. Study, in, we, winter.

  7. In, room, is, there, telephone, my, a.

  8. Visit, uncle, to, went, to, his, Pavel, Moscow.

  9. They, with, play, Saturday, every, basket ball, friends, their?

  10. He, fond, always, English, he, because, is, well, language, of, this, knows.

  11. Datum, blackboard, was, this, on, formula, the, of, there, this.
Task 2. Make sentences from the following words, observing the word order in the English sentence.

  1. Usually, it, me, to get, takes, my, an hour, to, office.

  2. There, any, are, on, the blackboard, figures.

  3. A picture, there, over, the bookcase, is?

  4. Countries, the, metric system, European, use, most, now.

  5. This, the, to, have, no, I, to, time, gym, go, afternoon.

  6. Winning, players, a lot of, among, team, has, of, friends, he.

  7. Farmers, club, built, last, students, new, for, year, collective.

  8. See, cinema, time, to, go, I, new, the, have, when, free, the, the, film, to, I.

  9. There, are, United, situated, the, Atlantic, States, the Pacific, between, Oceans, and.

  10. Will, a, be, laboratory, in, there, this, next, room, year.

  11. Had, our, finished, we, experiment?

  12. Are of, full, news, newspapers, our, interesting, USA, about, the.
Task 3. Make sentences from the following words, observing the word order in the English sentence.

  1. In winter, study, we, and, in summer, rest.

  2. A library, we, at, have, very, school, good, our.

  3. Many, factories, are, at, there, town, our.

  4. Friend, Donetsk, studies, my, at, University, the, in.

  5. Is, for, friend, this, letter, your, I, which, received, yesterday.

  6. To, Victor, four, wrote, days, a, his, letter, ago, friend.

  7. See, often, we, library, them, our, at, local.

  8. Morning, at, o’clock, in, usually, up, woke, the, six.
9. Group, will, students, the, of, go, State, to, Museum, tomorrow, History, the.

10. The, is, the best, famous, one, museums, world, the, in, British, of, museum.
To table 2: Noun
Task 1. Choose the correct plural form of the noun

1. a school (A – schools, B – schools, C – school); 2. a sheep (A – sheep, B – sheeps, C – sheepes); 3. news (A – newes, B – newses, C – news); 4. a child (A – childs, B – children, C – childrens); 5. a baby (A – babys, B – babies, C – babis); 6. money (A – money, B – moneys, C – moneis);7. A goose (A – gooses, B – geeses, C – geese); 8. advice ( A advice, B – advices, C – advicis); 9. a handkerchief ( A handkerchiefs, B – handkerchieves, C – handkerchievs); 10. foot (A – feet, B – feets, C– feet); 11. sugar (A – sugas, B – sugars, C – sugar); 12. hair (A–hairs, B–hair, C–haires); 13. A box (A – box, B – boxes, C – box); 14. information (A – informations, B – information, C – informationes); 15. a housewife (A – housewives, B – housewifs, C – housewives).
Task 2. Choose the form of the noun in possessive case. .

1. The tooth of my little brother 2. The toys of my sister
A. My brother"s little tooth; A. My sister"s toys

B.My little brother"s tooth B.My sisters" toys

C. My tooth "s little brother C. The toys" my sister

3. The wages of my father 4. The text-book of my friend

A. Father "s my wages; A. My friends" text-book

B. Wages" my father B. My friend"s the textbook

C. My father's wages C. My friend's text-book

5. The people of this country. 6. The goods of that office.

A. This country's people; A. That office's goods;

B. These people"s country; B. That offices" goods

C. Country"s these people. C. The goods" that office

7. The instruments of his father. 8. The children of my aunt.

A. His father's instruments; A. My aunts" children;

B. His instrument"s father; B. Children"s my aunt;

C. The father's instruments. C. My aunt's children.

9. The geese of my Granny. 10. The trousers of those boys.

A. Geese"s my Granny; A. Those boys"s trousers;

B. My Granny "s geese; B. Those boys" trousers;

C. My geese "s Granny. C. The trousers" those boys.
TO table 3: Article
Task 1. Place the indefinite, definite or zero articles before the following nouns and phrases.

House, ... Petrovs, my ... sister, ... butter, ... knowledge, ... Asia, ... Caucasus, ... Apennines, much ...water, by ... tram, ... Transvaal, any ... pen, ... sugar, ...

Bermudas, ... milk, in ... morning, at... school, on ... right, by day, to go to ... bed, to tell... time, ... sun, at... time, to have ... cold, ... tea, ... Azores, ... Black Sea, .... snow,... British Channel,... Australia,... Doctor Brown, that ... boy, ... Professor Pavlov, ... coal, ... Titanic, ... I Geography , some ... books, ... music, ... Pacific Ocean, this I... dictionary,... Rostov (hotel), ... Paris, little ... milk, ... moon, . .. best boy, ... second lesson, ... United States of America,... Scotland,... Appalachians,... America,... Florida, ... Bahamas, ... Rocky Mountains, ... Alaska, ... Sunday Times.
Task 2. Choose the required article instead of the blanks: A – a; В – аn; C – the, D – (zero article)
A. Common nouns
1. You"ve got... cold. Stay at... home and have... apple. 2. Give me your... pen, please. This... pen is bad. 3. What"s. .. time? Oh, it's high time to train and play ... piano. 4. To tell ... truth, I am not ready for ... lesson. 5. In ... spring we like to go for ... walk in ... park. 6. Come to see me ... day after tomorrow in ... evening. We had ... good time on ... board ... ship this ... summer. .As...result of our
... walk we "ve got ... lot of beautiful autumn ... leaves. 9. Don"t be in ... hurry, take your ... seat and tell me about... school. 10. Take ... care of your sister, she has ... bad headache.

B. Proper nouns

1. On ... Wednesday ... Times published an article about the events in ... Caucasus. 2. ... United Kingdom includes ... Great Britain and ... Northern Ireland. 3. ... English Channel is between ... England and ... France. 4. My father is from ... Ukraine. He was born in the town of Cherkassy on ... Dnieper river. 5. ... USA is the fourth largest country in the world after ... Russia, ... Canada and ... Republic of ... China. 6. ... Lena is ... longest river in ... Siberia. 7. My relatives live in ... Crimea, not far from ... Black Sea. 8. Sometimes on ... Sundays we enjoy a wonderful journey on board ... “Ivan Polsunov” along ... Don. 9. Show me ... Canary Islands and ... Azores on this map. 10. ... Browns speak ... Russian very well because they often visit... Moscow and other cities of ... Russia.

TO table 4: Pronouns
Task 1. Translate into English the possessive and reflexive pronouns in brackets.

1. This is (our) Institute. 2. These are (their) drawings. 3. I don’t know where I have put (my) pencil. 4. I don’t know where is (my) pencil. 5.Give me (your) pen, please. 6. She must write (your) translation. 7. He wants to read (their) translation and they will read (their) translation. 8. He has no idea where (his) ticket is. 9. I shall give him (my) ticket as I don’t want to go to the cinema. 10. Here is the table I want to show you; one of (his) legs is broken. 11. I gave her (his) book. 12. We shall give them (our) tools. 13. I’ll do this (myself). 14. The experiment (myself) was very important.

Task 2..

1. I often meet (his, him) in the reading-room. 2. Will you give (I, me) your text-book, please? 3. I received a letter from (she, her). 4. We saw (they, them) in the theater. 5. Give me (you, your) ball-point-pen (ballpoint pen), please. 6. (Me, my) sister teaches (them, their) mathematics. 7. (Our, us) students were present at the lecture. 8. (Many, much) students were present at the lecture. 9. He reads (little, few). 10. She spends (many, much) time on this kind of work.

Task 3. Open the brackets by choosing the correct form of the pronoun .

1. I used (her, hers) bicycle; (my, mine) is broken. 2. I recognize you but I have forgotten (your, yours) name. 3. (Your, yours) suitcase is bigger than (our, ours). 4. (Their, theirs) dog ate their dinner. 5. Is this bicycle (your, yours)? No, it's John's. 6. Is this one (our, ours)? I'm not sure. 7. This is (my, mine) typewriter. 8. That is (her, hers) problem. 9. Those glasses are (my, mine). 10. Are these (your, yours) shoes? No, they are (their, theirs). 11. Show (we, our, us) these pictures, we like (their, them, they). 12. Whose books are these? They are (we, us, our) books. 13. Look at the picture, (it, it’s, she) beautiful. 14. Come to see (my, I, me) today. 15. His sister likes to read (she, her, his) books on history. She reads (they, them, their) after classes. 16. Help (I, my, me) with this translation, please (he, it, his) is difficult. I cannot do it without (you, your) help. 17. Ivanova is (our, we, us) teacher of English. (She, her, it) is not old. 18. Read the text, please. (He, she, it) is easy. 19. This letter is from (his, he, him). 20. I am going to (he, him, his) sister.

Task 4. Open the brackets by putting the personal and possessive pronouns in the correct form.

A.Pronouns in singular: my, me, mine, his, his, her, hers, it, its.

1. Give (me) (ee) book to read. (My) - is not interesting. 2. Are these (his) text-books? No, they are (her). 3. Show (me) (him) magazine, please. 4. (His) sister is here, and where is (mine)? 5. Give (to him) (his) pen. He likes to write with (her). (She) is always with (him). 6. Please, help (me) to write a report for (him). (He) needs (in him) for tomorrow. 7. (This) is not (his) key. (He) is (her). 8. Give (to me) (her) photo and I’ll give (to you) (mine). 9. I asked (her) to help (him) to do (his) home-task. 10. Is (it) (its) map? (I) am not sure. (I) think, (she) is (him).

B. Pronouns in plural: we, us, our, ours, you, your, yours, they, them, their, theirs.

1. (We) are (their) relatives, not (yours). 2. Show (to us) (our) new teacher. 3. Whose girl is this? The girl is (ours). 4. Are the boys (your) friends? No, (they) are (their) friends. 5. All (your) suitcases are in (their) car. Take (them). 6. What is (your) address? (Their) is the same. (They) live not far from (you). 7. How long are (you) waiting for (us)? 8. (We) asked (them) to live with (us) at (our) summer cottage. 9. Where are (their) glasses? Show (them) to (us). 10. We know (them) very well. (They) are the friends of (ours).

To tables 4.2-4.4: SOME, ANY, NO and their derivatives

Task 1. Fill in the blanks with pronouns SOME or ANY.

a. 1. There are ____ photographs in the cupboard. 2. Here are ____ lines from a poem by Wordsworth. 3. There aren’t ____ good films on this week. 4. Don’t take ____ tablets this evening. 5. They’re building ____ new houses in the next street. 6. I don’t have ____ clean shirts. 7. Please buy ____ stamps for me on your way to work. 8. I met ____ old friends at the station yesterday. 9. I won’t leave ____ windows open tonight. 10. She hasn’t written ____ interesting books recently.

b. 1. We wanted to make ____ sandwiches but we found we hadn’t got ____ bread. 2. I left ____ meat on the table and the dog ate it while I was out. 3. He got out his pen to sign the check but there wasn’t ____ ink in it. 4. Please fetch me ____ dry wood to get the fire started. 5. The expansion plans sounded wonderful, but unfortunately the company didn’t have ____ money to pay for them. 6. Don’t leave ____ food in the refrigerator when you go away on holiday. 7. At the concert last night they played ____ music I had never heard before. 8. To try to save money, the firm bought ____ secondhand machinery at a sale. 9. You haven’t done ____ work so you can’t expert ____ pay. 10. ____ French wine is quite sweet.

c. 1. Let me give you ____ advice about learning a language. 2. Try to do ____ studying every day. 3. Even when you think you don’t have ____ time, try and find ten minutes, and learn ____ words. 4. ____ people think that learning a language is something we can do without ____ difficulty. 5. We know that there isn’t ____ truth in that idea. 6. You have to do ____ hard work, or you won’t make ____ progress. 7. With the linguaphone course we’ve tried to make even the hard work enjoyable. 8. So you won’t forget ____ of the exercises, will you?

d. 1. I see…bread. Why haven’t you bought…, Nick? – I had... time to do it. 2. Have … soup, Helen. - No, thank you. I had… soup at dinner. I don't want… more. 3. Were there... mistakes in your paper? – Yes, there were... (No, there weren’t….). 4. Will there be ... concert after the meeting? – No, there won’t be... concert. 5. Why didn’t they give us … postcards to send?

Task 2. Choose the correct option .

For example :

I'd like some/any tea please.

1. I’m sorry, Sir, but we haven’t got any/no fish. 2. Natalya ate some toasts/toast but I didn't have any. 3. There's/There are some cheese on the table. 4. I didn't give Fiona an/any apple. 5. We had some/any hot chocolate last night before we went to bed. 6. They didn't see some/any bread in the market. 7. Oh dear, there's no/any milk. 8. I haven't got it some/any money for new clothes.
^ MANY, MUCH, FEW, LITTLE

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