Home » Psychotherapy » Insectivorous plants presentation. Carnivorous plants (insectivorous or carnivorous) (insectivorous or carnivorous) - presentation

Insectivorous plants presentation. Carnivorous plants (insectivorous or carnivorous) (insectivorous or carnivorous) - presentation

Nepenthes grows on the island of Madagascar, belongs to the genus Nepenthes, or pitcher plant. Next to the usual leaves, these plants also develop those in which reddish, up to cm long, “jugs” with a lid at the top grow at the end.

Sarracenia Its tubular leaves-vessels reach cm. They also attract insects with nectar, which fall into the water collected at the bottom of the living vessel. Hairs sticking out on its inner wall and pointing down prevent insects from getting out.

Venus flytrap The Venus flytrap grows in the swamps of North and South Carolina in the United States. The oval halves of the leaves of this plant are located at an obtuse angle to one another. Long, strong, claw-like teeth grow along their edges. Each half has three sensitive bristles.

Venus flytrap As soon as the insect touches them, the halves instantly close. The trap is designed in such a way that the plant catches the insect with lightning speed and with a tight fixation. Thin bristles on the inside of the leaf are activated upon contact, and within 30 seconds the prey itself is “identified” from other external factors, such as a raindrop.

Pemphigus This plant produces bubbles on its leaves up to 5 mm in diameter with a hole that is closed from the inside by a valve with hairs. When a mosquito larva or a small crustacean touches the hairs on the lid, the animal is instantly sucked into the bubble along with water. Sometimes even fish fry and tadpoles are captured. They also serve as food for the plant.

Sundew Attracted by the shiny droplets, the insect will land on a leaf and will no longer be able to fly off it - “dew” is a sticky liquid. The hairs lean toward the insect like tentacles. Then digestive juice is secreted, which in composition resembles the gastric juice of animals.

Sundew Sundew has very sensitive leaves, they react to the weight of an insect of only 0.008 mg! Sundew is able to react not only to weight, but also to animal products: pieces of meat, cheese, bones. When the food is digested, the leaf straightens, shaking out the chitinous shell remaining from the insect. The hairs also straighten, droplets of juice appear, and the leaf is ready to hunt again.

Why did carnivorous plants appear? The fact is that they grow in water, in swamps or poor soils, where they lack nutrients - phosphorus, nitrogen, as well as sodium, potassium, and magnesium salts. So, with the help of all sorts of ingenious traps and Velcro, they hunt small animals to supplement their diet.

Some carnivorous plants (sundew, butterwort, etc.) have leaves covered with numerous glands that secrete a sticky transparent liquid that attracts insects and sticks them to the leaf. Some carnivorous plants (sundew, butterwort, etc.) have leaves covered with numerous glands that secrete a sticky transparent liquid that attracts insects and sticks them to the leaf.

Venus flytrap On the inner half of the leaf there are hairs that secrete a sticky liquid. When an insect touches them, it sticks and the trap closes. On the inner half of the leaf there are hairs that secrete a sticky liquid. When an insect touches them, it sticks and the trap closes.

In other predatory plants, the trapping apparatus is represented either by passively catching insects urns (Nepenthes, Sarracenia, Darlingtonia, etc.) or actively acting traps (Dionaea, bladderwort, etc.). In other predatory plants, the trapping apparatus is represented either by passively catching insects urns (Nepenthes, Sarracenia, Darlingtonia, etc.) or actively acting traps (Dionaea, bladderwort, etc.).

Pemphigus vulgare On the underwater leaves of this predatory plant there are a huge number of bubbles that work like a valve. When an insect touches them, they instantly suck it inside the plant. The underwater leaves of this predatory plant contain a huge number of bubbles that work like a valve. When an insect touches them, they instantly suck it into the plant

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Predatory plants Presentation prepared by: Bolshakova E.I. teacher additional education MOU DOD "Kirishi Children's and Youth Children's Children's School" 2015

Why do plants need predation? Carnivorous plants are found in all parts of the world. These are mainly perennial herbs, but subshrubs and shrubs are also found. All carnivorous plants grow in swamps, swampy and damp places, poor in nutrients. Animals are used as an additional source of mineral nutrition (phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen). They attract insects by color, smell or sweet secretions. On the surface of the leaves there are glands that secrete digestive enzymes.

Types of traps Slam traps Leaf suck traps Sticky traps Jug trap

Sundew The sticky droplets that cover the leaves give the plant its name. There are about 130 species of sundews. They grow in tropical swamps, long-drying soils of the Australian subtropics, in the Arctic Circle in the tundra.

Different types of sundews English sundew (long-leaved) Round-leaved sundew Intermediate sundew

In the Leningrad region, round-leaved sundew is found. The main lure for prey is the sweet smell of leaves. Catches insects with the help of sticky glandular hairs that cover its leaves. Sundew rotundifolia The insect lands on a leaf and sticks, the leaf begins to curl, covering the victim, and secretes digestive fluid.

Lusitanian rosewort (“Portuguese flycatcher”) Subshrub up to 30 cm high. Grows in North Africa. Local residents have long used this plant instead of sticky fly paper, hanging it inside their houses.

Zhiryanka The leaves are densely covered with glandular hairs, with the help of which the plant catches small insects, some of which produce sugar to attract insects, and others produce digestive enzymes to digest them.

Byblis This shrub is the largest carnivorous plant native to Australia. Its leaves are covered with sticky hairs that secrete digestive juice. With its leaves it not only secretes juice, but also grabs prey if it is nearby. Sometimes snails, frogs and even small birds become prey.

Venus flytrap The plant has leaves called “jaws” that slam shut when an insect touches them. Along the edges of the leaf there are 15-20 thick spines, similar to teeth, and in the middle of the leaf there are three guard hairs. The maximum size of the trap is 3 cm. This is the only plant in which insect catching can be observed even with the naked eye. Found in the swamps of North America.

Bladderwort Aquatic plant. Catches small aquatic insects and crustaceans using bubble sacs growing on leaves and stems. By touching the surface of the bubble, the animal falls into a trap, from which it can no longer get out. Glands located on the walls of the vesicles help the caught prey to be digested.

Aldrovanda vesica The plant is named after the Italian scientist Ulisse Aldrovandi. The plant floats freely in a pond. The leaves are equipped with a petiole covered with bristles and a bivalve blade. It feeds on small insect larvae and crustaceans.

Nepenthes (pitcher) The name comes from the name of the ancient Greek mythical nepenthes - the herb of oblivion. Shrub or semi-shrub vine. Grows in tropical forests. The popular name for Nepenthes traps is “monkey cups”.

A variety of shapes and colors of pitchers The sizes of some Nepenthes pitcher traps allow plants to catch rats and small birds. Large Nepenthes, in addition to eating insects, also use the droppings of tupaya animals, which climb onto the plant like a toilet to feast on sweet nectar.

The neck of the jug is covered with a smooth waxy coating. Insects begin to slide along it, but the bristles, pointing downward, prevent them from getting out. The jug is half filled not with sweet nectar, but with digestive “soup”. After 5-7 hours, the prey will be completely digested. In large jugs up to 1 liter. digestive juice. Orangutans drink this sour liquid with pleasure.

Sarracenia is a perennial rhizomatous herb. The trap is formed by a twisted sheet containing a solution of digestive enzymes. The length of the trapping jug sheets reaches 1 m. It feeds on small crustaceans, frogs and even rodents. A passive green predator, the plant only needs photosynthesis.

Some types of predator plants are grown at home.

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Why are predator plants called that? Give examples of predator plants? What makes these plants “go hunting”? What insectivorous plants can be found in our region? What plants are called “underwater traps”? Test yourself

Deadly Beauty Project (carnivorous plants)

Completed by students of grade 2 “B”

MBOU Secondary School No. 2, Iskitim

Novosibirsk region

Project Manager:

Radchenko O.F

teacher primary classes

Target work: identifying the reasons why plants turned into predators.

Object of study are families of “insectivorous” plants.

tasks :

Explore historical information about plants - predators;

Consider the characteristics of these plants;

Identify the causes and conditions for the transformation of plants into predators.

Based on literary sources, the following was put forward: hypothesis : If plants “eat” insects, then this is necessary in order to survive in the environment.

Types of "insectivorous" plants

If you thought that predator plants were the stuff of science fiction, they are not reality. About 500 species of insectivorous plants are known. All of them receive part of their nutrients from animals (mainly insects), which they catch in various ingenious ways.

NEPENTHES (species)

swamps (mosses, peat)
sandy and rocky soils

PREDATORS AT YOUR HOME

Zhiryanka

Sarracenia

Venus flytrap

Sundew

Nepenthes

World records

One sundew plant catches and eats 2,000 insects over the summer.

The Venus flytrap is capable of slamming leaves in one tenth of a second. This is one of the fastest movements in the plant world.

Why do plants need “predation”?

Plants "eat" insects solely to survive in a hostile environment, where the soil is so poor or so acidic that the roots cannot receive food. nutrients in the usual way.

Thus, we put forward hypothesis It was confirmed that plants “eat” insects solely in order to survive in a hostile environment, where the soil is so poor or acidic that the roots cannot receive nutrients in the usual way.

The plants came out of the situation and began to catch insects.