Black Hussars of Ataman Annenkov. Boris Vladimirovich Annenkov: biography

lTBI BFBNBOB bOOEOOLPCHB

rTPGEUU ito DEMH BFBNBOB boOOEOLPCHB OBYUBMUS 12 YAMS 1927 ZPDB CH UENYRBMBFYOULE. OBDETSOP PITBOSENSCHK BTEUFBOFULYK CHBZPO, CH LPFPTPN EZP CHEMY ABOUT UHD, DCHYZBMUS UOBYUBMB FTBOUUYVYTULPK NBZYUFTBMSHA, RPFPN AZPN UYVYTYYY, OBLPOEG, lBBBIUFBOPNY CHUADH CHSHCHCHBM OEPVSHCHUBKOPE CHPVHTSDEOYE. fPMRSCH MADEK, UPVYTBCHYIUS ABOUT UFBOGYSI, UMBMY RTPLMSFYS CH BDTEU BFBNBOB. ZBJEFB "UPCHEFULBS UYVYTSH" UCHYDEFEMSHUFCHHEF, UFP, OBUYOBS U vBTOBKHMB, CHEDE OBIPDIMYUSH UCHYDEFEMY EZP ЪCHETUFCH. about UFBOGYY bMEKULPK FPMRB FTEVPCHBMB VEURPEBDOPZP OBLBBBOYS. h rPUREMYIE RPEЪD VSHM CHUFTEYUEO LTYLBNY: “WHERE IS BOOOOLPCH? dBKFE EZP OBN!”

YuEN TSE OBCHMEL ABOUT UEVS LFPF VEMPLBBBUYK ZEOETBM YUREREMSAEIK ZOECH FTHDSEYIUS? Yuen PO CHCHDEMSMUUS UTEDY UEVE RPDPVOSHCHI?

mAFPK OEOOBCHYUFSHA L UPCHEFULPK CHMBUFY, YUKhDPCHYEOSHNY TBURTBCHBNY OBD DEFSHNY, UFBTYLBNY, TSEOOEYOBNY, TSEUFPLPUFSHA, DMS LPFPTPK EEE OE RTYDHNBOP UPPFCHEFUFCHHAEEE IHRP. h 1920 ZPDH, ZPOYNSCHK LTBUOSCHNY CHPKULBNY, boOOOLPC PUFBCHMSM tPUUYA PRKHUPYFEMEN, TBPTYFEMEN, KHVYKGEK. chPEOLPN PDOPZP YЪ RTEUMEDPCHBCHYI EZP RPMLPCH lTBUOPK bTNYY chBUYMYK dPChVOS RYUBM CH CHPURPNYOBOYSI:

“rTY RPЪPTOPN UCHPEN VEZUFCHE CH LYFBK boOOOLPCH PUFBCHYM ЪB UPVPK YYTPLYK Y DMYOOSHCHK LTPCHBCHSHCHK UMED. OB RTPFSTSEOYY VPMEE DCHHIUPF CHETUF, PF UEMB ZMYOULPZP RP VETEZBN PIET BMB-lHMS Y dTSBMBOZB-lHMS CHRMPFSH DP dTSKHOZBTULYI CHPTPF (RPUMEDOYK RETECHBM O RKhFY Ch lYFBK), D PTPZB VSHMB HUESOB FTHRBNY... pLPMP PIETB dTSBMOBY-lHMSH MEFBAF FSHUSYU ZTPNBDOSH ZTYZHPCH, RTYMEFECHYI YЪ UPUEDOEK RHUFSCHOY ZPVI ЪBLBOYUYCHBFSH LTPCHBCHSHCHK NYT "CHPUUFBOPCHYFEMS NYTB Y RPTSDLB"...

ъMPCHEEBS RBNSFSH, PUFBCHMEOOBS BFBNBOPN Y EZP PTDK, CHSHCHBMB FERETSH, CH LBOKHO RTPGEUUB, L UKHTPPCHPNH CHPNEDYA.

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CHNEUFE U BOOOOLPCCHN RETED UKHDPN chPEOOOPK LPMMEZYY RTEDUFBM FBLCE Y OBYUBMSHOIL EZP YFBVB DEOYUPCH.

h PVCHYOYFEMSHOPN ЪBLMAYUEOYY ZPCHPTYMPUSH:

“...boOOELPCH vPTYU CHMBDYNYTPCHYU, 37 MEF, VSHCHYYK ZEOETBM-NBKPT, RTPYUIPDSEIK YJ RPFPNUFCHOOOSHI DCHPTSO OPCZPTPDULPK ZKHVETOYY, VSHCHYYK LPNBODHAYK PFDEMSHOPK UENY TEYUPRULPK BTNYEK, IMPPUF, VEURBTTFYKOSHCHK, PLPOYUYCHYK pDEUULYK LBDEFULYK LPTRKHU CH 1906 ZPDH Y nPULPCHULPE bMELUBODTPCHULPE HYUMYEE CH 1908 ZPDH;

DEOYUPO OYLPMBK bMELUBODTTPCHYU, 36 MEF, VSHCHYYK ZEOETBM-NBKPT, RTPYUIPDSEIK YJ NUEBR LYREFENULLPZP HEDB, lMECHBOGPC-ULPK CHPMPUFY, yCHBOPChP-chPJOEOUULPK ZHV ETOYY, VSHCHYYK OBYUBMSHOIL YFBVB PFDEMSHOPK UENYTEYUEOOULPK BTNYY, IMPPUF, VEURBTFYKOSHCHK, PLPOYUYCHYK REFETVHTSULPE CHMBDYNYTULPE HYUMYEE Y KHULPTEOOSCH LHTUSH ZEOYFBVB,

PVCYOSAFUS:

RETCHSHCHK, BOOOELPC, CH FPN, YuFP U NPNEOFB pLFSVTSHULPK TECHPMAGYY, OBIPDSUSH PE ZMBCHE PTZBOYPCHBOOSHI YN CHPPTHTSEOOSCHI PFTSDPCH, UYUFENBFYUEULY U 1917 RP 1920 ZPD THAN CHPPTH TSEOOKHA VPTSHVH U UPKPFULPK CHMBUFSHA CH GEMSI UCHETTSEOYS EE, FP EUFSH CH RTEUFKHRMEOYY, RTEDKHUNPFTEOOPN UFBFSHEK 2 rPMPTSEOYS P ZPUKHDBTUFCHEOOSCHI RTEUFKHRMEOYSI "

“...CH FPN, YuFP U NNPNEOFB pLFSVTSHULPK TECHPMAGYY, OBIPDSUSH PE ZMBCHE PTZBOYPCHBOOSCHI YN CHPPTHTSEOOSCHI PFTSDPCH, CH FEI TSE GEMSI UYUFENBFYUEULY, OB CHUEN RTPFSTSEOY UCHPEZP RPIP DB, UPCHETYBM NBUUPCHPE ZHYYUUEULPE HOYUFPTSEOYE RTEDUFBCHYFEMEC UPCHEFULPK CHMBUFY, DESFEMEK TBVPYUE-LTEUFSHSOULYI PTZBOYBGYK, PFDEMSHOSHI ZTBTSDBO Y CHPPTHTSEOOPK UYMPK UCHPEZP PFTSDDB RPDBCHMSM CHPUUFBOYS TBVPYYI Y LTEUFSHSO, FP EUFSH CH RTEUFKHRMEOYY, RTEDKHUNPFTEOOPN UFBFSHEK 8 rPMPTsEOYS P ZPUKHDBTUFCHEOOSCHI RTEUFKHRMEOYSI;

CHFPTK, DEOYUPCH, CH FPN, YuFP, OBIPDSUSH PE CHTENS ZTBTSDBOULPK CHPKOSHCH ABOUT OBYUBMSHUFCHHAEYI DPMTSOPUFSI CH VEMSHI BTNYSI Y PFTSDBI Y VHDKHYU OBYUBMSHOILPN YFBVB PFDEMSHOPK UENYTEYUERULPK BTNYYY LBTBFEMSHOSHCHI PFTSDPCH boOOEOLPCHB, UYUFENBFYUEULY..."

th FE CE PVCHYOOYS, FE CE UFBFSHY.

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boooolpch TPDYMUS CH VPMSHYPN VBTULPN DPNE ABOUT LYECHEYOE, CH UENSH PFUFBCHOPZP RPMLPCHOILB YЪ DCHPTSO-RPNEEYLPCH. rTBDOPUFSH, LBUFPCHSHCHK DHI CHPEOEYOSCH PLTHTSBMY EZP U RETCHSCHI DOEK TSYOY. h CHPUENSH MEF ON OBDEM CHPTSDEMEOOKHA CHPEOOKHA ZHTNKH (RPLB EEE LBDEFULPZP LPTRKHUB) Y HCE OILPZDB OE UOINBM EE. rPUME LBDEFULPZP LPTRHUB bMELUBODTPCHULPE CHPEOOPE HYUMYEE CH NPULCHE, YUYO IPTHOTSEZP Y LBBIUSHS UPFOS CH FHTLEUFBOE, CHPKOB 1914 ZPDB, YUYO EUBKHMB Y FB CE UPFOS TBKP OE rYOULYI VPMPF. "ZEPTZYK." ZEPTZIECHULPE PTHTSIE.

OPNET YЪDBCHBCHYYIUS CH REFETVHTZE "VYTTSECHSHI CHEDPNPUFEK" UP UMPCHPN "TECHPMAGYS" YUETE CHUA RPMPUKH PBDBBUYM BOOOELPCHB. oYLPMBK II PFTELUS PF RTEUFPMB. THIOHMP FP, YUENH boOOELPCH RTYUSZBM Y NPMYMUS. dBCE RTYIPD L CHMBUFY CHTENEOOOPZP RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHB, DBMELPZP PF RPDMYOOSCHI TECHPMAGYPOOSCHI RTEPVTBPBCHBOYK, VSHM DMS OEZP FTBZEDYEK.

YuFP DEMBFS?

p FPN, LHDB UFKHRBM DBMSHYE LPOSH BFBNBOB, NPTsOP UKhDYFSH RP ЪBRYULBN "lPMYUBLPCHEYOSCH" YUEFSHTOBDGBFY MYUFBN NBYOPRYUOPZP FELUFB, RTYPVEEOOPZP L DEMH CH PFDEMSHOP N RBBLEF. bChFPT ЪBRYUPL bOOEOOLPCH, IPFS Y OBRYUBOSCH POY PF FTEFSHESP MYGB.

rPUME ZHECHTBMS PFTSD EZP OUEEF RPMYGEKULP-LPNEODBOFULHA UMHTSVH CH PUYRPCHYUBI. vBTBOPCHYUBI, uMHGLE. u RPVEDPK pLFSVTS VPMSHYECHYUFULPE LPNBODPCHBOYE RTEDRYUSCHCHBEF PFTSDKH TBPTKHTTSYFSHUS Y KHVSHCHFSH CH pNUL DMS TBUZHPTNYTPCHBOYS. bOOEOOLPC UMEDHEF L NEUFH OBYEOYS, OP PTHTSYS OE UDBEF. pNUL KHMSHFYNBFKHN: DPMPTSYFSH P RTYYUYOBY OEYURPMOOYS RTYLBYB, TBPTKHTSYFSHUS OENEDMEOOOP, RPMOP, VEBPZPCHPTPUOP. th ABOUT PFLB BOOOELPCHB UMEDPCHBFSH LFPNH FTEVPCHBOYA TEYEOYE UPCHLBЪDERB (uPCHEFB LBBYUSHYI DERKHFBFPCH): PVYASCHYFSH PFTSD CHOE ЪBLPOB UP CHUENY CHSHCHFELBAEYNY YF PZP RPUMEDUFCHYSNY. bOOEOOLPC HIPDIFF CH RPDRPMSHE.

rPMSHЪHSUSH PFUKHFUFCHYEN X UPCHEFPCH DPUFBFPYUOSCHI CHPEOOSCHI UYM, BY TBURPMBZBEFUS CH ENMSOLBI RPD pNULPN Y CHUFKHRBEF CH LPOFBLFSCH U VEMPZCHBTDEKULPK PTZBOYBGYEK "ftYOBDG" BFS". OP HCE CHULPTE LBTSHEBSUS URMPYUEOOPUFSH PFTSDB PVPPTBUYCHBEFUS NETSDPHUPVYGEK, OEDPCHPMSHUFCHPN, TBCHBMPN. lBBBLBN YUKhTsDB PLPROBS TsYOSH CHVMYY TPDOSHI ZOED. sing FBKOP, B RPFPN Y PFLTSCHFP TBVTEDBAFUS RP DPTPZBN, CHUFHRBAF CH LTBUOSCH RPMLY. YuFPVSH RPDOSFSH RPDYUYOOOSCHI "VPECHPK DHI", boOOELPCH OPYUSHA U ZPTUFLPK PUFBCHYYIUS CH PFTSDE NPMPDUYLPCH RTEDRTYOINBEF OBMEF ABOUT CHPKULPCHP LBBUYUK UPVPT CH NULE Y, FBL OBSCHCHBENSCHN "OBNEOEN ETNBLB". HIPDIFF CH rTYYTFSHCHYULYE UFERY.

TBUYUEF BFBNBOB CH LBLLPK-FP NETE PRTBCHDSCHBEFUS. bOOEOOLPCHB RPDDETSYCHBEF LHMBGLP-BFBNBOULBS CHETIKHILB rTYYTFSCHYSHS. pFTSD RPRPMOSEFUS, TBCHETFSCHCHBEFUS, B L OBYUBMH NSFETSB VEMPYUEIPCH OEN HCE OBUYFSHCHBEFUS 200 UBVEMSH.

oBLPOEG PFTSD RPMKHYUBEF "OBUFPSEE DEM": VPECHSHE DEKUFCHYS CH UPUFBCHE LPMYUBLPCHULYI CHPKUL ABOUT CHETIOYE-HTBMSHULPN ZHTPOFE, KHUNYTEOYE YETOPDPMSHULYYY UMBCZPTPDULYI LTEUFSH SO CH UYVYTY, GBTUFCHPCHBOYE CH RPMOPN UNSHUME LFPPZP UMPCHB ABOUT JENMSI UENY TEL h lBBBIUFBOE... pFTSD UFBOPCHYFUS RPMLPN, DYCHYYEK , BTNYEK.

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ABOUT YUEFCHETFSHCHK DEOSH RTPGEUUB UHD YUUMEDPCHBM CHPRTPU P UCHSY VEMPZCHBTDEKULPZP DCHYTSEOYS U YOPUFTBOOSCHNY YOFETCHEOFBNY Y, LPOYUOP CE, P CHPEOOPK Y DTHZPK RPNPEY ENKH P UFPTPOSH bOFBOFSH.

zPChPTS P CHLMBDE CH YOFETCHEOGYA FPZDBYOEZP BOZMYKULPZP RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHB. boOOELPCH LPTYM lPMYUBLB ЪB RPUTBNMEOYE "TKHUULPZP RTEUFYTSB", RSCHFBMUS UPJDBFSH CHREYUBFMEOYE, VKhDFP UBN ON CHCHUE OE RTOYNBM RPNPEY PF YOFETCHEOFPC.

rTEDUEDBFEMSHUFCHHAEIK URTPUM CH LFPC UCHSY, RTYIPDYMPUSH MY RPDUKHDNPNKH RTYOINBFSH X UEVS RTEDUFBCHYFEMEC boFBOFSHCH?

oEF LPOYUOP, PFCHEFYM FPF. with OE refinery FETREFSH YI Y RPFPNH OE RPDRKHULBM VMYOLP L PFTSDH.

YuMEO chPEOOOPK LPMMEZYY NYYUECH RPLBЪBM RPDUKHDNPNKH RTECHPUIPDOP CHSHRPMOEOOSCHK ZTHRRRPCHPK UOINPL PZHYGETPCH RTY TEZBMYSI YYRBZBI.

chZMSOFE, RPDUKHDYNSCHK... chPF LFPF KHUBFSHCHK, CH GEOFTE. OE LBTSEPHUS MY CHBN, YuFP LFP ZhTBOGKH?

boOOOLPCH OBUKHRIMUS:

with DPMTSEO ULBJBFSH DB.

hRPMOPNPYOOOSCHK tsBOEBOB, OE FBL MY?

dB, DAYE, DALA, YuFP-FP CH LFPN TPDE.

WHERE IS UDEMBO LFPF WOINPL?

ъDEUSH, CH UENIRBMBFYOULE.

ZEOETBM DAL PF ZEOETBMB tsBOEB LFP DPFPIOBS NOPZPDOECHOBS YOURELGYS. ZPUFSH YJ pNULB CHSHCHUFKHLYCHBM Y CHSHMUKHYYCHBM CHPEOOSHCHK PTZBOYN, YFBVSH Y RPDTBDEMEOOYS 2-ZP UFEROPZP PFDEMSHOPZP UFTEMLPCHPZP LPTRHUB, CH UPUFBCH LPFTPTPZP RP FP ZDBYOEK UIENE RPDYUYOOYS CHIPDYMY BOOEOLPCHULYE YUBUFY. rPTSE UIENB RPDYUYOOYS UFBMB U OPP ABOUT ZPMPCHH. rPHVBCHSUSH CH YUYUMEOOPUFY PF RPFETSH, B ZMBCHOSCHN PVTBBPN PF RETEIPDB UPMDBF ABOUT UFPTPOH LTBUOSCHI, 2-K UFEROPK LPTRKHU RTECHTBFYMUS CH UMBVSHCHK, EUMY OE ULBJBFSH KHDTYUBAEE PVTENEOYFEMSHOSHCHK, RTYDBFPL BOOEOLPCHULPZP PFTSDB. oP Y FPZDB "ZHTBOGKHULBS LERLB", RTBCHDB KhCE O DTHZPK ZPMPCHE, OCHEDSHCHBMBUSH L MEKV-BFBNBOGBN, YUFPVSHCHCHUFKHLYCHBFSH, CHSHUMKHYYCHBFSH, DYLFPCHBFSH.

lBL Y DTHZIE VEMPZCHBTDEKULYE ZEOETBMSH, boOOELPCH VSHM RPUMKHYOPK NBTYPOEFLPK CH THLBI YOFETCHEOFPC.

po OE UMKHYUBKOP UFTENYMUS HKFY PF PFCHEFUFCHEOOPUFY ЪB RTEUFHRMEOYS LPMYUBLPCHEYOSCH. DEMP ЪDEUSH OE FPMSHLP CH FPN, YuFP OB FETTYFPTYY, ЪBOSFPK lPMYUBLPN, VEMPZCHBTDEKGSH CHPUUFBOPCHYMY GBTULYK VATPLTBFYUEULYK Y RPMYGEKULYK BRRBTBF, CHCHEMY ZTBVYF EMSHULYE OBMPZY, FP EUFSH, ZPChPTTS UMPCHBNY ch. MEOYOB, KHUFBOPCHYMY DYLFBFHTH IHTSE GBTULPK, ​​OP EEE Y CH FPN, YuFP ZhBLFYUEULY CHMBUFSH VSHMB YNY KHZPDMYCHP RETEDBOB YOFETCHEOFBN.

lPMYUBL ЪB UUEF CHCHCHEOOOPZP YЪ LBЪBOY ЪB ZТBOYGH ЪPMPFPZP ЪBRBUB RPMKHYUBM PF uyb Y BOZMYY LTEDYFSHCH ABOUT PRMBFKH CHPEOOSCHI RPUFBCHPL YOPUFTBOOSCHN ZHYTNBN. h TBURPTSCEOYE NPOPRPMYUFPCH VSHMY RETEDBOSHCH CHUE TSEMEOSH DPTPZY, ZJOBOUSHCH, PUOPCHOBS YUBUFSH NEFBMMHTSYUEULPK RTPNSCHYMEOOPUFY, RTBCHP ABOUT LURMKHBFBGYA OEDT Y F. D. VEЪ CH USLYI PZTBOYUEOYK TBURTPPDBCHBMYUSH YOPUFTBOOPNH LBRYFBMH IMEV, MEUB Y DBCE GEMSCHE FETTYFPTYY. bTNYS BZEOFPCH NYTPCHPZP LBRYFBMB ULHRBMB Y TBUIEBMB TKHUULYE OBTPDODOSHE VPZBFUFCHB. h UMKHYUBE RPVEDSCH lPMYUBBL CHEUSH KHTBM Y CHUS UYVYTSH, B CH RTDYDBYUKH LOYN Y CHUS UTEDOSS BYYS VSHMY VSHCH BICHBUEOSH YOFETCHEOFBNY, B TPUUIS UFBMB VSH LPMPOYEK LTHROSCHI BRBDOSHI DETSBCH.

CHUE LFP RPMOPUFSH PFOPUYMPUSH Y L BOOEOLPCHH. fBLHA UKhDSHVKH PO Y RPDPVOSHCH ENKH ZPFPCHYMY THUULPNKH OBTPDKH.

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dCHB CHEOULYI UFKHMB ЪB CHSHCHUPLYN RBTBREFPN, ABOUT UFKHMSHSI RPDUKhDYNSCHE. y RPMHLPMSHGPN ЪB OYYUFETP LTBUOPBTNEKGECH, CH UCHEFMP-YEMEOSHCHI ZHTBTSLBY, U CHIOFPCHLBNY. boOOOLPCH UIDYF OPZB ABOUT OPZKH, OBUFPTPTSEOOSCHK, VMEDOSHCHK, U MYGPN VKhDFP CHSHTEBOOSCHN YI VKHNBZY. oELPZDB MYIPK BFBNBOULYK YUHV RPHVBCHYMUS CH RSCHYOPUFY, UOIL, LBL, CHRTPUEN, UOIL Y UBN BFBNBO. RETED UHDPN CHETEOYGEK RTPIPDIMY UCHYDEFEMY EZP ЪMPDESOYK FPK RPTSCH, LPZDB ON UFPSM OBD OINY U OZBKLPK, U LMYOLPN, CHCHUPLPNETOSCHK, OEYUKHCHUFCHYFEMSHOSHCHK L YUKHTSPNKH UFTBDBOYA, CH P LTHTTSEOY MEKV-BFBNBOGECH, DBCHOP KhFTBFYCHYYK RTEDUFBCHMEOYE P GEOE YUEMPCHYUEULPK TSYOY.

h.y. MEOYO RYUBM, YNES CH CHYDH lPMYUBLB Y DEOILYOB: “tBUUFTEMSCH DEUSFLPCH FSHUSYU TBVPYYI... rPTLB LTEUFSHSO GEMSHNY KHEDBNY, RHVMYUOBS RPTLB TsEOEYO. rPMOSCHK TBZKHM CHMBUFY PZHYGETPCH, RPNEEYUSHYI USCHOLPCH. zTBVETS VEJ LPOGB.”

rPDPVOSH LBTFYOSCH FP Y DEMP CHUFBCHBMY ABOUT RTPGEUUE boOOOLPCHB.

RETED UKHDPN UCHYDEFEMSHOYGB pMSHZB bMELUEECHOB lPMEOLPCHB. RPTsYMBS LTEUFSHSOLB. y-RPD MYOSMPZP UYFGECHPZP RMBFLB CHSHCHVYCHBEFUS UEDBS RTSDSH. VKHZTYUFSHCHK YTBN RTPMEZBEF YUETE CHUA EELKH. POB ZPCHPTYF NEDMEOOOP, FTHDOP.

VEMSHCHE, CHPF EZP NMPPDYULY, KHLBSCCHBEF POB ABOUT BFBNBOB, KHVYMY KH NEOS DCHHI UFBTYI USCHOPCH. pDOPNKH VSCHMP DCHBDGBFSH DCHB, DTHZPNH RSFOBDGBFSH. b NEOS RTYCHSBMY ЪB OPZKH L LPOULPNKH ICHPUFKH. th RPZOBMY MPYBDSH CH UFPTPOH LBNSHCHYEK. (h THLBI S NBMSCHI DEFYYEL UCHPYI DETSBMB.) CHUA URYOH DP LPUFEK NOE PVPDTBMY. lBL S CH RBNSFY PUFBMBUSH OE OBBA. YuHA, PUFBOPCHYMBUSH MPYBDSH Y LFP-FP PFCHSBBM NEOS. rPFPN KHUMSHCHYBMB: “YDAY ЪB OBNY.” with RPOSMB, RPCHEMY LPOYUBFSH. rTYCHEMY CH LBNSHCHY, S RETELTEUFIMBUSH, MEZMB PF UMBVPUFY. eUMY VSC LFP VSHMP DOEN, NPTSEF VSHFSH, Y RTYLPOYUMY NEOS, OP LFP VSHMB OPYUSH, OYUEZP OE CHYDOP... x PDOPZP TEVEOLB, KH NBMSHYULB, THLH PFTHVYMY, FBL PO Y HNET RPFPN CH VP MSHOIGE.

uLPMSHLP ENKH VSHMP MEF? URTBYCHBEEF RTEDUEDBFEMSHUFCHHAEIK.

dChB ZPDYLB, B CHFPTPNH YuEFSHTE. hFPTPNH RETEVIMY URYOLH. UEKUB BY ZPTBFSHCHK.

POB NPMYUYF, RPDBCHMEOOBS, RPD CHMBUFSHA FSTSLPZP CHYDEOYS, CHETOHCHYEZPUS YUETE UFPMSHLP RTPTSYFSHCHI MEF.

b DBMSHYE YUFP VSCHMP, OE OBA... ve RBNSFY KHRBMB... th TsICHB PUFBMBUSH. ъBVSHCHMY, CHYDOP, RTP NEOS, RPLKHDB DEFEC NHYUMY...

tsHFLHA LBTFYOKH SCHMSMP UPVPK Y "HUNYTEOYE" YETOPDPMSHULZP CHPUUFBOYS. x TSYFEMEK yuETOPZP dPMB, DPCHEDEOOSCHI DP PFYUBSOIS ZTBVETSBNY Y RTPIYCHPMN VEMSHCHY, PUFBCHBMBUSH EDYOUFCHEOOBS OBDETSDB: PFUFPSFSH UCHPA TSYOSH CH VPA. chPUUFBOYE LFP UTBH TSE RETELYOHMPUSH L umBChZPTPD, uFEROPK ZPTPDYYLP, TBURPMPTSEOOSCHK KH VPMSHYPK DPTPZY. h VBBBTOSCHK RPOEDEMSHOIL, LPZDB RPSCHMEOYE ABOUT KHMYGBI VPMSHYPZP LPMYUEUFCHB YETOPDPMSHULYI RPDCHPD OE RTYCHMELMP VEMPZCHBTDEKEYOSCH, RPCHUFBOGSH IPDLP RTPYMY VB BTB Y KHUFTENYMYUSH L GEOFTH. BUFYZOHFSHCHK CHTBURMPI, ZBTOYPO VEMSHI OBM, OE PLBBBCH UETSHEOOPZP URPTPFYCHMEOYS. pVEЪPTHTSYCH YUBUPCHSHCHI, PITBOSCHYI NBZBYO LHRGB dYFYOB, RTECHTBEEOOOSCHK CHMBUFSNY CH "FATENOSHCHK GEOFTBM NEUFOPZP OBYUEOYS", RPCHUFBOGSH PUCHPVPDYMY CHUEI, LFP FBN MUS, VSCHCHYI TBVPFOILPCH UPCDERB, VPMSHYECHYLPCH, LTBUOPBTNEKGECH.

VSHM PVTBBPCHBO CHPEOOP-TECHPMAGYPOOSCHK YFBV, YJVTBCHYYK UCHPEK TEYDEOGYEK UEMP YuETOSCHK DPM. OP HEBDH PFRTBCHYMYUSH RPUMBOGSH YFBVB, RPSCHYMYUSH MYUFPCHLY, VSHM OBCHBO DEOSH Y YUBU KHEDOPZP UYAEDDB UPCHEFPCH.

b YUETE OEDEMA, RPZTPNSHIYCHBS ABOUT NPUFBI, CHLTBDYUYCHP RPMЪ RP TSEMEЪOPPTPTSOPK OBUSCHRY CH UFPTPOH UMBCHZPTPDB DMYOOSHCHK CHPYOULYK LYEMPO U MPIBDSHNYI ZHTBOGKHULYNY NPTFYTBNY ABOUT RMBFZHTBI.

ABOUT UHDE BOOOELPC RSCHFBEFUS CHSHCHDBFSH UEVS ЪB CHFPTPUFEROOPE MYGP:

with CHUFKHRBM RP RTYLBBOYA LPNBODHAEEZP CHPKULBNY uYVYTULPZP RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHB CH RPDDETTSLH VTYZBDSH RPMLPCHOILB EMEOGPCHB, LPFPTSCHK, OE YNES LBCHBMETYY, OE TEYYMUS OBUFKHRBFSH ABOUT YETOSCHK DPM.

th CHUE TSE, LFP LPNH VSHM RTYDBO CH RPDYUYOOYE?

about BYUBMSHOILPN VSCHM S... RTYOBEFUS RPDUKHDYNSCHK.

uLPMSHLP RPCHUFBOGECH OBIPDIMPUSH CH yuETOPN dPME?

fschusyu rsfobdgbfsh.

rPDOSMUUS RPYUFY CHUSH UMBCHZPTPDULIK HEAD?

rP-CHYDYNPNH, FBL.

VSHMY MY KHLTERMEOYS CH yuETOPN dPME?

zMYOPVYFOSCHK ЪBVPT CHPLTHZ DETECHOY, VBTTYLBDSH ABOUT KHMYGBI. ABOUT UBNPN TSE DEME ЪBVPT Y VBTTYLBDSH YUYUFEKYBS CHSCDHNLB

BOOEOLPCHB, OEPVIPDYNBS ENKH DMS PRTBCHDBOYS EZP TSE CHETUYY, VHDFP CH yuETOPN dPME VSHMP OE "HUNYTEOYE", B YUEUFOSHCHK VPK U RTPFYCHOILPN, FPZDB LBL Y VPS-FP OILBLPZP OE VSHMP. rPCHUFBOGSHCH, YNECHYE YUHFSH VPMSHYE DCHBDGBFY YURTBCHOSCHI CHYOFPCHPL, KHLMPOMYUSH PF VPS, PFPYMY Y HLTSHMYUSH CH CHPMYYYOULPN VPTH.

th OBYUBMBUSH TBURTBCHB.

ChPF OEULPMSHLP RPLBBOYK YЪ RTPFPLPPMB UKHDEVOPZP BUEDBOYS.

FETEVIMP ZEPTZYK rPTZHYTSHECHYU(YUETOPDPMSHULIK VPMSHYECHYL, RPDOINBCHYIK LTEUFSHSO ABOUT CHPUUFBOYE). l CHYUETKH CHPUSHNPZP UEOFSVTS UEMP PRHUFEMP. rPYUFY CHUE CHETPUMSCHCHCHEIBMY, PUFBMBUSH UBNBS NBMBS YBUFSH UFBTHI DB DEFCHPTSH. TEVSFOS ZDE-FP OBUPVYTBMB UFBTSCHI VETDBOPPL Y ЪBUEMB CH PLPRBI NBMSHYUYIL MEF RP DEUSFSH-PDYOOBDGBFSH. with CHSHZOBM YI, ZPCHPTA, RPVSHAF CHBU CHUEI OH EB RPOAILH FBVBLB...

yBMSRYO sLCH UENEOPCYU. lPZDB VETSBMY PF BOCHEOLPCHGECH, VSHCHYYK UMEDPCHBFEMSH lTBUOPK ZCHBTDYY OELTBUPCH, PUCHPVPTSDEOOOSCHK YI FATSHNSCH YuETOPDPMSHGBNY, PUFBOPCHYMUS X UPVPTB. lFP VSHMB RETCHBS TSETFCHB LBTBFEMEC. Sing TBDEMY EZP Y OBTHVIMY YBYLPK...

rPMSOULYK UENEO REFTPCHYU. oBTPD ECBM PF boOOOLPCHB ABOUT VTYULBI CH UFPTPOH lMAYUYOPLPZP FTBLFB... oENOPZP RPTSE NOE RTYYMPUSH EIBFSH FPK CE DPTPPZPK U RPYuFPK. ъB YUEFSHTE CHETUFSH DP UMBC-ZPTPDB UFBMY RPRBDBFSHUS FTHRSCH, RPTKHVMEOOSCHE YBILBNY. dPTPZB ABOUT FPN NEUFE VSHMB UTSBFB CH KHLYK RTPPIPD, Y FTHRSCH OBZTPNPTSDBMYUSH CH LFPN THLBCHE. with UMEЪBM, UFBULYCHBM YI ABOUT PVPYYOKH, Y FPMSHLP FPZDB SNAIL DCHYZBMUS DBMSHYE.

uYVLP feteoFYK rTPLPRSHECHYU. OPIUSHA RTYYEM PFTSD. ъBICHBFYMY URSEYI, OBYUBMY VYFSH. FHF VSHM NPK USCHO DCHBDGBFY RSFY MEF Y PFEG. pFGH VSHMP DECHSOPUFP. OBYUBMY VYFSH Y YI. mPFPN PFCHEMY CH UVPTOA Y UPDETTSBMY DP HFTB. xFTPN ЪBUFBCHYMY ЪENULPZP SNEILB ЪBRTSYUSH MPYBDSH, ЪBVTBMY BTEUFPCHBOOSCHI, DBMY MPRBFSCH Y CHEMY TSCHFSH UEVE SNKH... lPZDB LPOYUMY PFGB, KHVYMY TBTSCHOPK RH MEK Y USCHOB: KHDBTYMB CH ZTHDSH, CHSHCHYMB CH URYOH...

yUUMEDHS DBOOSCH P yuETOPDPMSHULPN CHPUUFBOYY, chPEOOBS LPMMEZYS KHUFBOPCHYMB, YUFP CH UMBCHZPTPDULPN Y rBCHMPDBTULPN HEBDBI BOOECHLPCHGSH RP RTYLBH UCHPEZP BFBNBOB HVYMY PLPMP 1700 YUEMPCHEL. b RPUME "KHUNYTEOYS" CHUMED ЪB ЪЯМПОПН RPFSOKHMYUSH FERMHYLY "OPCHPVTBOGECH". FSHCHUSYU NPMPDSCHI MADEK UFBMY TSETFCHBNY OBUIMSHUFCHOOOPK CHETVPCHLY. rPD UCHPE UMPCHEEE YUETOPE OBNS BOOOOLPC UFBCHYM NBMSHYYYEL KHZTPЪBNY, YPNRPMBNY, OZBKLBNY.

h fBFBTULE, vBTBVYOULE Y PUPVEOOP h lBYOPLE (FERETEYOEN lHKVSHCHYECHE) NMPPDYUYYY BOOOELPCB CHEYBMY ABOUT ZHPOBTSI, FEMEZTBZHOSHI UFPMVBI OE FPMSHLP RMEOOSCHI LTBUOPBTNEKGECH Y VPMSH FRECHYLPCH, OP CHUEI, LFP RPRBDBM ABOUT ZMBB. rTPYCHPDYMYUSH RPCHBMSHOSHE PVSHCHULY, YYSHCHNBMYUSH. YETOP, RHYOOB, YETUFSH, WEEK. boOOOLPCHGSH UTSHCHBMY U YLPO ЪПМПФШЧ І УЭТВТСОШЧПЛМБДШЧ.

ъB RBTBREFPN UCHYDEFEMEK YUEMPCHEL CH RIDTSBLE Y NPDOPN TSYMEFE, FTY ZBMUFHLE. OP PUBOLB, FCHETDSCHK YBZ, LPFPTSCHN BY RTPYEM YUETEJBM, JEMSHDZHEVEMSHULYE KHUSCH YЪPVMYUBAF CH OEN LBDTPCHPZP PZHYGETB. bFP VSHCHYYK CHETIPCHOSCHK ZMBCHOPLPNBODHAEIK CHPKULBNY DYTELFPTYY.

rTEDUEDBFEMSHUFCHHAEIK PRTBYCHBEEF:

uCHYDEFEMSH vPMDSCHTECH, RP LBLPK UIENE PFTSD boOOOLPCHB Y FBL OBSCHCHBENSCHK UFEROPK LPTRKHU RPDYUYOSMYUSH CHBN?

lPTRKHU RPDYUYOSMUS UYVYTULPK BTNYY, B NOE UPPFCHEFUFCHEOOP YUETE LPNBODHAEEZP LFPC BTNYEK.

th CHUE-FBLY YNEOOP L CHBN RPUFHRBMY TSBMPVSH PF OBUEMEOYS ABOUT VEUYOUFCHB BFBNBOEYOSCH? OE FBL MY?

vPMDSCHTECH NEDMYF U PFCHEFPN. uMYYLPN FSCLB; RTBCHDB, YЪPVMYUBAEBS BFBNBOB: TBЪPTCHBOOSCH TFSH YUFSBENSCHI, UNTBD REREMYE, KHYKUFCHB TBDI KHVYKUFCH. OP PF LFPZP OE HKFY...

with PFCHYUBA DB. h CBMPVBI ABOUT BFBNBOEYOH TEYUSH DEKUFCHYFEMSHOP YMB P VEUYOUFCHBI.

p LBLYI YNEOOOP? HFPYOOSEF RTEDUEDBFEMSHUFCHHAEIK.

noe DPLMBDSCHBMY... H PFOPEYOYY boOOOLPCHB. OE YNES OBMBTSEOOPZP UOBVTSEOYS, EZP PFTSDSH RETEIPDIMY L TELCHYYYGYY CH YYTPLPN UNSHUME LFPPZ UMChB.

rTPLHTPT U OBUFPPTTSEOOSCHN YTPOYUEULIN CHOYNBOYEN UMEDYF ЪB RTECHTBEEOSNY UCHYDEFEMS, LPFPTSCHK FP RTPYOPUYF UMPCHB PVMYUEOYS, FP FHF CE VETEF YI PVTBFOP.

yuYFBA YЪ CHBYI NENHBTPC, ZPCHPTYF RTPLHTPT, TBULTSHCHBS LOYZH. “lbtsdshchk Yueufpmavychshchk NYOYUFT, LBL LFP NSCH CHYDEMY CH pNULE, VEOBBLBBBOOP FCHPTYM UCHPA RPMYFYLH, NBMEOSHLYE BFBNBOSH YUYOYMY UHD Y TBURTBCHH, RPTPMY, TsZMY, MBZBMY OBUEMEOYE RPVPTBNY ABOUT UCHPK MYYUOSCHK UFTBI, PUFBCHBSUSH VEOBBLBBBOOSCHNY!” rTBCHYMSHOP MY LFP HFCHETTSDEOYE?

UPCHETYOOOP RTBCHYMSHOP.

“yuYOYMY UHD Y TBURTBCHH, RPTPMY, TsZMY, PVMBZBMY OBUEMEOYE DPVPTBNY” LFP PV boOOOLPCHE?

hPPVEE PV BFBNBOEYOE.

uEKYUBU NSCH UKHDYN OE BFBNBOEYOH.

dB, CH FPN YUYUME Y PV BOOEEOLPCHE.

eEE PDOP YYCHMEYUEOYE: “UHTPCHBS DYUGYRMYOB PFTSDB PUOPCHCHBMBUSH, U PDOPK UFPTPOSCH, ABOUT IBTBLFETE CHPTDS, U DTHZPK ABOUT YOFETOBGYPOBMSHOPN, FBL ULBJBFSH, CH EZP, fBN VSHMY VBFBMSHPOSH LIFBKGECH, BZHZBOGECH Y UETVPCH. bFP HLTERMSMP RPMPTSEOYE BFBNBOB. h UMHYUBE OEPVIPDYNPUFY LIFBKGSHCH VEJ PUPVPZP UNHEEOYS TBUUFTEMYCHBMY TKHUULYI, BZZBOGSHCH LYFBKGECH Y OBPVPTPF.” hShch fp RPDFCHETTSDBEFE?

dB, RPDFCHETTSDBA.

oOBZOEFBS BFNPUZHETH CHUEPVEEZP UFTBIB Y FTEREFB, boOOEOOLPCH ЪBLTSCHCHBM ZMBOB ABOUT "RTPDEMLY" RPDYUYOOOSCHI. “bFBNBOGSH VBMHAF”, “BFBNBOGSH ZHMSAF”, ZPCHPTYMY LBTBFEMY P UCHPYI URPDCHYTSOILBI. th LFP OBYUYMP RPFEIB, ЪMPTBDOPE YHFPCHUFChP RP RPCHPDH UFTBDBOY YUEMPCHELB, OETEDLP FTBZYUEULYI RP UCHPENH YUIPDH. dMS RPDTHYUSHI BFBNBOB UNETFSH RBUFHIB, RBIBTS, TSOIGSHCH, TEVEOLB HCE OE VSHMB UNETFSHA, OE REYUBMYMB, OE RKHZBMB Y DBCE OE PUFBOBCHMYCHBMB CHAINBOYS FPN, YuFP LFP VSHMB YNE OOP UNETFSH, RPUMEDOYK CHDPI, RPUMEDOYK CHZMSD, YENMS, RTBI... pOB VSHMB RTEDNEFPN TBCHMEYUEOYS , RTDDPMTSEOYEN Y DPRPMOOYEN HFEI Y HCHEWEMEOYK...

* * *

boOOOLPCH CHIDEM, LPOYUOP, YuFP KHVEDYFSH TBVPYYY LTEUFSHSO CH FPN, YuFP CHUE DPMTSOP PUFBFSHUS RP-UFBTPNH (ЪБЧПДШ Х LBRYFБMYУФПЧ, ЪНМС Х РПНЭИЛПЧ ОКПЪNP), TsOP. b EUMY OEMSHЪS KHVEDYFSH, OBYUYF, OHTsOP ЪBUFBCHYFSH, RTYOKHDYFSH, RBTBMYЪPCHBFSH UPRTPPHYCHMEOYE UYMPK PTHTSYS, UFTBIPN. rKHUFSH LPYNBTSCH RTEUMEDHAF CHVHOFPPCHBCHYIUS TBVPCH, URBUEOYE NOBTIYY FPMSHLP CH BFPN.

rP UFTBI HCE VSHM VEUUYMEO PUFBOPCHYFSH FSZH NYMMMYPOPCH L YDESN pLFSVTS. RETED UKHDPN CH UENIRBMBFYOULE RTPYMY KHDYCHYFEMSHOSHOSHE RTYNETSH) VEUUFTBYS Y UFPKLPUFY RTPUFSCHI MADEK, RPOBCHYI CHEMYUYE MEOYOULPK RTBCHDSCH.

MEUOPK 1919 ZPDB MED ABOUT YTFSHCHYE RTPCHYU Y RPLPMPMUS LBL-FP CHTB, RTY RETCHPN IPTPYEN RTYZTECHE. th FPZDB ABOUT REUPL CHSCHOEUMP DCHHI KHFPRMEOOYLPCH. METSBMY SING CH PVOYNLH. pDYO ЪДПТПЧеОШЧК MEKV-BFBNBOEG RTY YBYLE Y LPMSHFE CH DETECHSOOPK LPVHTE, DTHZPK DMYOOPTHLYK NBMSHYUYLB-LTBUOPBTNEEG, VPUK, ZPMPCHB PUFTYTSEOB OZPMP.

th MADSN RTYYMP ABOUT OBNSFSH: CH RPMKHCHETUFE PF LFPZP NEUFB, JNPK, BOOEOLPCHGSH FPRYMY CH yTFSHCHIE RMEOOOSCHY. nBMSHYUYYLB-UNETFOIL, ЪБЧИДЭЧ Х ДШЧНХ NETS LPUFTBNY YUETOKHA CHPDKH CH RTPTHVY, NZOPCHOOOP PVICHBFYM OBJECHBCHYEZPUS BFBNBOGB Y THIOKHM U OIN CH MEDPCHHA NPZYMKH.

lБЪОНИШК ЛБОМ УЧПЭЗП ХВИКГХ.

boOOOLPCH ZCHPTYM ABOUT CARE CH UCHPEN RPUMEDOEN UMPCHE:

oEUNPFTS ABOUT FP YuFP BMENEOFSH RPVEDSCH VSHCHMY CH OBYI THLBI, YuFP KH OBU VSHMB BTNYS VPMEE UIMSHOBS, U VPMEE PRSCHFOSCHN LPNBODOSCHN UPUFBCHPN, NSCH MHYUYE UOBVTSBMYUSH, OBU RPDDETSYCHBMY UPA'OILY NPTBMSHOP, NBFETYBMSHOP, TsICHPK UYMPK, CHUE-FBLY NSCH VSHMY TBVYFSHCH... oBU TBVIMY, LBL S RPONBA UEKUBU, RPFPNH YuFP KH LTBUOPBTNEKGECH, TBVPYYI Y LTEUFSHSO VSHMB CHETB CH FP, ЪB YuFP POY VPTPMYUSH. h OBYEK BTNYY LFPC CHETCH OE VSHMP...

y LFP VSHMP YUFYOPK, IPFS y RPЪOBOOPK BFBNBOPN UMYYLPN RPЪDOP.

lPZDB UFBMP SUOP, YUFP YUBYB CHUPCH ULMPOSEFUS CH RPMSHЪХ UPCHEFPCH, boOOELPCH RTEDRTYOINBEF DMYOOEKYK FHT ЪCHETULYI TBURTBCH OBD TSYFEMSNY UENYTEYUSHS, UPYUKHCHUFCHHAEYNY VPM SHYECHYLBN, OBD RMEOOSCHNY RPCHUFBOYUEULYI PFTSDPCH.

CHPF YuFP RYUBM PO CH PDOPN YUCHPYI RTYLBBPCH:

"h OPYUSH ABOUT 29 NBS ZHUBTSCH 2-ZP ULBDTPOB RPMLB YUETOSHCH ZHUBT REFT rPTEPCH, yCHBO rBTKHVEG, OBDFPYUYK Y OILYFYO YYEB UEMB nBKULPZP RETEVETSBMY ABOUT UFPTPOH VPMSHYECHY LHR. RP DBOOSHCHN, DPVSHCHFSHCHN DPBOBOYEN, RTPY'CHEDEOOSCHN RP LFPNH DEMH, CHYDOP, YuFP LTEUFSHSOYO UEMB nBKULPZP, MEMUYOULPZP KHEDB, yCHBO yYVB, 27 MEF, OBUFTPEOOSHCHK CHTBTS DEVOP L UKHEEUFCHHAEENH RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHH Y ZPUKHDBTUFCHEOOPNH UFTPA tPUUYY, RPDZPCHPTYM ZHUBT L RPVEZKH Y URPUPVUFCHPCHBM LFPNH RPVEZKH. lTPNE FPZP, LFP TSE MYGP, FP EUFSH yCHBO yYVB, RPЪCHPMSM UEVE CH RTYUHFUFCHY YUBUFOSHHI MYG RTPYOPUYF DETILYE, OEPDPVTYFEMSHOSH LMECHEFOYUEULYE PFЪSCCHCH P RTBCH YFEMSHUFCHE, EZP DEKUFCHYSI Y TBURPTSCEOYSI...”

yFBV boOOELPCHB RPYUFY ETSEDOECHOP PVYASCHMSEF "PE CHUEPVEEE UCHEDEOYE" RTYZPCHPTSH CHPEOOP-RPMECHSHI UHDHR U PDYOBLPCHPK PE CHUEI UMKHYUBSI RPUFBOPCHMSAEEK YUBUFSHA: "rP MYYEOY CHUEI RTBCH UPUFPSOYS RPDCHETZOKHFSH UNETFOPK LBOY YUETE TBUUFTEMSOYE.”

h PFTSDE UMKHTSYM PZHYGETPN OELYK bRRPMPOULYK, YMY RP-DTHZPNH rPMMP, BTFYUF YЪ pDEUUSCH. bOOEOOLPC RPMKHYUM DBOOSCHE, YuFP rPMMP VPMSHYECHYL. UREYOP VSHMB ULPMPYUEOB LPMMEZYS CHPEOOP-RPMECHPZP UKHDB YY RSFY YUEMPCHEL Y OBYUEO DEOSH RTPGEUUB. pF UKhDB PCYDBMUS OBYDBFEMSHOSCHK HTPL UFTBIB. OP CHPEOOP-RPMECHPK UHD OE OBYEM OH EDYOPK KHMYLY. OE PUFBCHBMPUSH OYUEZP DTHZPZP, LBL CHSHCHOEUFY PRTBCHDBFEMSHOSHCHK RTYZPCHPT. rPMMP CHETOHMY ZEPTZIECHULPE PTHTSIE, LPFPTPPE H OEZP PFPVTBMY RTY BTEUFE.

oBKhFTP RTEDUEDBFEMSH UKHDB SCHYMUS CH ATFH BFBNBOB. rTEDUFPSMB RTPZHPTNB HFCHETTSDEOOYS PRTBCHDBFEMSHOPZP RTYZPCHPTB. ъБЗМСОХЧ NPMYUB CH LPOEG VKHNBZY, boOOELPCH PVNBLOKHM RETP CH OERTPMYCHBYLKH.

“xFCHETDYFSH”, CHCHCHEME BY MECHEE UMPCHB “RTYZPCHPT” Y FHF CE DPVBCHYM: “rPCHEUYFSH”.

prtbchdbooschk vschm rpcheyyo.

nPMPDEOSHLYK PZHYGET YY RPMLB "YUETOSCHI ZHUBT", OEDBCHOYK ZYNOBIYUF, "NPVYMYYPCHBOOSCHK" boOOOLPCHSHN, FBKOP PUFBCHYM LYEMPO, RPDZPFPCHMEOOOSCHK L PFRTBCHLE "OB PRETBGYA". h VKhDLE UFTEMPYUOILB PZHYGET TBUYOKHTPCHBM LTBZY Y, UCHSJBCH DCHB YOKHTLB CH PDYO, RPCHEUYMUS ABOUT REYUOPK FTHVE. yЪ ЪБЛПУЭОКЭЧИЭЗП ЛХМБЛБ У ФТХДПН ШШЧХОХМY RTEDUNETFOKHA ЪBRYULH, Ъ LPFPTPK VSHMP SUOP PDOP, YuFP UBNPKHVYKGB, ЪBRKHZBOOSCHK DP RTEDEMB, OE OBYEM DTHZPZP CHSHPIDB.

UFTBIPN BOOOELPC RSHFBMUS KHRTBCHMSFSH OE FPMSHLP PLTHZPK UENY TEL, OP Y UPVUFCHEOOSCHN "CHPKULPN". CHEUSHNB IBTBLFETOSH CH LFPN RMBOE CHPURPNYOBOYS BDCHPLBFB gCHEFLPCHB, LPFPTSCHK RP OBUBYEOYA VSHM KHYUBUFOILPN UKHDB CH uENYRBMBFYOULE. ChPF YuFP ON TBUULBSCCHBEF:

“about CHUSLPN UKHDE VSHCHBAF LBTFYOSCH, UPVCHFYS, LPFPTSCHE OE PUFBCHMSAF UMEDB ABOUT VKHNBZE H RTPFPPLPM RPRBDBAF FPMSHLP UMPCHB. NETSDH FEN LBL RBKHB RETED PFCHEFPN, JOFPOBGYS, KHINSCHMLB YI-RPD KHUPCH, OEUMEOPTBDEMSHOSCHK ЪCHHL, UNEYPL, NPMSHVB YMY IMPPDOPE VEYEOUFChP CH YUSHYI-FP ZMBBI RP TPK ZPCHPTSF CHBYN YUKHCHUFCHBN LHDB VPMSHYE, YUEN PVYASUOOYS Y UCHYDEFEMSHUFCHB... chPPVTBIFE OENKhDTSEEZP UHIPOSHLPZP NHTSYUPOLKH, DPOEMSHЪS YЪDETZBOOPZP , RHZMYCHPZP, OEMERSCHK GCHEFBUFSHCHK TSIMEF U YUKhTsPZP RMEYUB, OEMERSCHK DMS UYVYTULYI YYTPF UPMPNEOOSHCHK VTYMSH CH PRHEOOOPK THLE, TBCHYOYUEOOBS RPIPDLB Y OE RPKNEYSH, DMS LB LPK GEMY UCHETSEPYYOOOSCHK RMPFOYGLYK LBTBODBY ЪB HIPN... rTEDUEDBFEMSHUFCHHAEIK URTBYCHBEF: “uFP DEMBMY X boOOOLPCHB?” "uMHTSYM". “Oh, B FPYOOEE?” "UMHTSIM CH LBRFETLE". “YuFP-OYVKhDSH UMSHCHYBMY P TBUUFTEME UCHPYNY UCHPYI RP RTYLBYH BOOEOLPCHB?” “oe RPOINBA CHPRTPUB...” po, LPOYUOP, CHUE RPOINBEF... rTEDUEDBFEMSH UHDB CHYDYF LFP Y FBL OEKHNPMYNP Y RMPFOP RTYRYTBEF LBRFETAILB, YuFP FPF OBLPOEG UDBEFUS: “vSCHMP. uFBCHYMY LBBBLY UCHPYI L UFEOL.”

“YuFP ULBCEF ABOUT UFP ​​RPDUKHDNSHK BOOEOOLPC?” URTBYCHBEEF RTEDUEDBFEMSHUFCHHAEIK.

bOOEOOLPC RPDOINBEFUS, OETCHOP RPLHUSCHBS HU. “fBL LFP Ts UMYOSL, ZPCHPTYF PO, RHUFSCHYLB! dB, DB, S UPЪOBA, S OE CHRTBCH BFFEUFPCHBFSH UCHYDEFEMS, OP RPKNYFE... h PFTSDE ON VSHM UPZMSDBFBEN, FBKOP PUCHEDPNMSM LPOFTTBBCHEDLH P LTBUOSCHI OBUFTPEOSI. NSH OE FTPZBMY YOBLPNSHUMSEYI, DCHETY LBBBTN YYEMPOPCH VSHHMY PFLTSCHFSH DMS YI KHIPDB, OP... th EEE PDOB RPDTPVOPUFSH RPUME NEOS BFBNBOPN DMS UCHYDEFEMS UFBM netLHMPCH. according to EEE PLPMP ZPDB DTBMUS U UPCHEFBNY ​​OB DBMSHOEN CHPUFPLE, TSYMEFLB OB OEN LTBUOBS, B CHPF LBLPZP GCHEFB EZP KHVETSDEOYS?”

bOOEOOLPC RTECHPUIPDIM UBNPZP UEVS. YuFPVSH VTPUIFSH Kommerseche Feosh about Lbrofenskhub, according to the Kommersant's ibzpchptim about Cheeshnb Tyulpchobookh DMS WEEVS FENHOSHOCHOSHSHSHENSH, RTYOCHCHBS, YuFP SHOSHECHECHECHBMYYUSH Ch Ch Ch. OE RPNOA FPYuOP, CH FPF CE DEOSH YMY ABOUT UMEDHAEE HFTP UCHYDEFEMSH CHTHYUM RTEDUEDBFEMA ЪBSCHMEOYE: “with OBA PV boooolpche VPMSHYE, YUEN ULBUBBM, DPRTPUYFE EEE TB.” th ChPF RETED UKhDSHSNY UOPCHB FPF TSE ЪBNBSOOSHCHK YUEMPCHEL U RMPULYN RMPFOYGLYN LBTBODBYPN ЪB HIPN. CHUE TsDHF YUTECHSHCHYUBKOSCHI UPPVEEEOYK. RETEULBUBCH UCHPY RETCHSHCHE UCHYDEFEMSHUFCHB, LBRFEOBTNKHU DPVSCCHBEF YЪ LBTNBOB ЪBRYUOKHA LOITSLH. y FPFYUBU TSE H OBME TPTsDBEFUS CHRPMOYE PFUEFMYCHSHCHK, IPFS Y OEZTPNLYK ЪCHHL. pFLHDB LFP? UCHYDEFEMSH ETSYFUS, RETECHPDYF ZMBB ABOUT ULBNSHA RPDUKHDYNSCHI. with DEMBA FP TSE UBNPE Y CHYTSKH RETED UPVPK PYUEOSH VMEDOPE MYGP boOOOLPCHB, EZP IBTBLFETOKHA KHINSCHMLH NPMYUBMYCHPZP VEYEOUFCHB YЪ-RPD LTBEOSCHI KHUPCH, Y CH OBUFKHRYCHYEK FYYYOE UMSHCHY X, LBL ON RPChFPTSEF PDOP OEOBLPNPNE OETHUULPE, VShchFSH NPTsEF TsBTZPOOPE, UMPChP. UCHYDEFEMSH CHPURTYOINBEF LFP UMPChP LBL HDBT IMSCHUFB. LBCEPHUS, BY UFBM EEE NEOSHYE, Y ABOUT FTEVPCHBOYE RTEDUEDBFEMS RTDPDPMTSBFSH TBUULB U TEYINPUFSHA PFYUBSOYS LTHFYF YEEK: “OYYUEZP VPMSHYE OE BOBA. OH FUCK, OH FUCK."

UMPP, REVIEW OF UCHYDEFEMS UFPMSHLP RBOILY, CH RTPFPPLPM, S DKHNBA, OE RPRBMP. OE VKHDH ULTSHCHBFSH, NOE PYUEOSH IPFEMPUSH DPYULBFSHUS DP EZP UNSHUMB. th ChPF RPUME RTYZPCHPTB CH ULCHETYLE X FEBFTB UHD YYEM CH FEBFTE YNEOY mHOBYUBTULPZP WITH WHAT UP UCHYDEFEMEN FYIHA DPCHETYFEMSHOHA VEUEDH. OP UFPYMPNOE RTYDBFSH UCHPENH MAVPRSHFUFCHH ZHTTNH RTSNPZP CHPRPTUB, LBL CHUE NZOPCHOOOP RETENEOYMPUSH. UCHYDEFEMSH RPDOSMUS, ZMSDS ABOUT NEOS ЪBFTBCHMEOOOP Y TSEUFLP. “ BUYEN CHBN LFP UHRPP? mYGP EZP CHSHTBTSBMP PCYDBOIE Y UFTBI. OE CHBYE LFP DEMP, OE CHBYE, OE CHBYE..." BY RMBLBM, PFCHPTBUYCHBMUS Y RTSFBM UCHPY UMEYSH. lFP VSHMB YUFETYLB. PO Y FERETSH EEE VPSMUS BOOEOLPCHB...”

YuFP TSE LFP VSHMP ЪB UMPChP? Yuen UFTBIYMP POP FAIRY, LFP CHPMSHOP YMY RPD RTYOKHTSDEOYEN YYEM PDOPC DPTPPZPK U BFBNBOPN?

pFLTPEN EEE PDOKH UFTBOYGH UKHDEVOPZP DEMB.

* * *

boOOOLPCHULHA LPOFTTECHPMAGYA UHD YUUMEDPCHBM YBZ ЪB YBZPN, RTDPDCHYZBSUSH PF PDOPZP RYЪPDB L DTHZPNH. rPUMEDOYK LFBR BOOEOLPCHEYOSCH NPTsOP VSHMP VSC OBCHBFSH VEZUFCHPN. lBNEOOSCH CHPTPFB dTsKHOZBTB, ЪB LPFPTSCHNY JOPK NYT, YUKHTSIE OBTPDSH. zTBOYGB DEMYF BOOEOLPCHULHA "BTNYA" ABOUT DCH: PDY YDHF U BOOOOLPCCHN ABOUT YUKHTSVYOH, DTHZIE RPCHPTBUYCHBAF PVTBFOP, L TPDOSHCHN ZOEJDBN. OP CHPF UKHTSDEOP MY YN VSHMP KHCHYDEFSH UCHPYI VMYOLYI?

“CHUE HOYUFPSEOP... RYUBM bOOEOOLPCH CH “lPMYUBLPCHYOE.” pDYO ЪB PDOYN, CH RPMOPN RPTSDLE, U REUOSNY, U NHYSCHLPK HIPDSF RPMLY Y DETECHY... RETCHSHNYY RPUMEDOYNY... YDHF UBNSCHE OBDETSCH. h UETEDYOE BTFYMMETYS Y NPVYMYYPCHBOOSCH. lHDB YDHF, OILFP OE OBEF, DBCE OBYUBMSHOIL YFBVB. rTPDHLFPCH ABOUT DEUSFSH DOEC. PUPVEOOOP FTHDOP HIPDYFSH DTBZHOULPNH RPMLH, UZHTNYTPCHBOOPNH YJ LFPPZ CE TBKPOB, HCE RTYOBCHYEZP UPCHEFULKHA CHMBUFSH... UMSHCHYYFUS RTYLB BFBNBOB: “rPMLBN PFF SOHFSHUS DTHZ PF DTHZB ABOUT DCH CHETUFSHCH!” rPMLY PFFSOKHMYUSH, FERETSH SING HCE OE CHYDSF DTHZ DTHZB.

pUFBOPCHLB.

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rPFTSUBAEE CHETMPNUFCHP!

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* * *

chPEOOBS LPMMEZYS RPDCHEMB, EUFEUFCHEOOP, YFPZ LTPCHBCHPNH RHFY c. h. b. DEOOUPCHB: PVB POY VSHMY RTYZPCHPTEOSH L CHCHUYEK NETE OBLBBOYS TBUUFTEMH.

fBL ЪBLPOYUMBUSH PDOB YЪ OBYVPMEE NTBYUSHI UFTBOYG LPMYUBLPCHEYOSCH.

Boris Vladimirovich Annenkov (February 9, 1889 - August 25, 1927, Semipalatinsk) - ataman of the Siberian Cossack army, commander of a separate Semirechensk army, major general, participant Civil War. Grandson of the Decembrist Ivan Annenkov.
***

+4 photos + text....>>>



(Ataman B.V. Annenkov with his convoy)

Information (not to incite things, from the wiki)
Biography

From the Siberian Cossacks. Born into the family of a retired colonel. He was a fencing teacher at a military school.
1906 - Graduated from the Odessa Cadet Corps.
1908 - Graduated from the Alexander Military School, was released as a cornet into the 1st Siberian Cossack Regiment as a commander of a hundred.
Transferred to the 4th Siberian Cossack Regiment (Kokchetav).
1914 - A riot broke out in the Cossack camp. The rioters chose Annenkov as their temporary chief, but he did not take direct part in the protest. Annenkov personally reported what had happened to the Siberian military ataman. In response to the demand from General Usachev, who arrived with the punitive expedition, to name the instigators and persons involved in the murder of the officers, he refused. On charges of concealment and inaction, he was brought before a military court among 80 rebels. Acquitted by a military court. He was handed over to a higher district military court, which sentenced him to 1 year and 4 months of imprisonment in a fortress with restricted rights. Annenkov's sentence was replaced by a transfer to the German front.
1915 - As part of the 4th Siberian Cossack Regiment, he took part in battles in Belarus. Finding himself surrounded, he brought out the remnants of the regiment.
1915-1917 - Commanded one of the partisan detachments created on his initiative. He was awarded the cross of St. George and St. Anne, an honorary weapon, the French Order of the Foreign Legion (from the hands of General Poe), as well as the English medal "For Bravery".
March 3, 1917 - With the detachment he swore allegiance to the Provisional Government.
September 1917 - Placed with a detachment at the disposal of the headquarters of the 1st Army.
December 1917 - Sent to Omsk with a detachment to be disbanded “for counter-revolutionism.”
January 1918 - Refused to disarm the detachment at the request of the Bolsheviks and began to fight, settling in the village of Zakhlamlinskaya, but was forced to retreat to neighboring villages.
February 18-19, 1918 - During the “Popov's Rebellion” he organized a raid to save the military shrines of the Siberian Cossacks - the Military Banner of the 300th Anniversary of the House of Romanov and the Banner of Ermak - after which he went to Kokchetav, then to the Kyrgyz steppe.
March 1918 - Elected military ataman of the Siberian Cossacks by an illegally convened military circle of the Siberian Cossacks in the village of Atamanskaya (near Omsk).
March 12, 1918 - At the head of the Separate Rifle and Horse Brigades, he rebelled against Soviet power.
March 19, 1918 - Omsk was captured.
End of April 1918 - Annenkov's rebellion was suppressed, Omsk was taken by the Bolsheviks.
June-October 1918 - The detachment reached a strength of 1,500 bayonets and sabers (4 regiments, an artillery division and several auxiliary units), together with the White Czechs took part in battles against the Bolshevik troops in Western Siberia.
July 28, 1918 - Military foreman.
Commanding a combined detachment of Orenburg and Siberian Cossacks, he defeated the detachments of Kashirin and Blucher on the Upper Ural Front and took Verkhneuralsk.
September 11, 1918 - Brutally suppressed the Bolshevik uprising in the Slavgorod and Pavlodar districts, capturing the red district peasant congress of 400 delegates.
October 15, 1919 - Awarded the Order of St. George IV degree and promoted to major general.
October 23, 1918 - The partisan detachment was transferred to the subordination of the ataman of the Semirechensk Cossack army and renamed the “Partisan Ataman Annenkov Division”.
December 22, 1918 - Counterintelligence and individual units of the detachment participated in the suppression of the Bolshevik uprising in Omsk and brutal reprisals against its participants.
December 1918 - Received command of the 2nd Steppe Corps with the order to liberate all of Semirechye from the Reds.
January-April 1919 - He fought in the area of ​​the village of Andreevka with varying success.
July 1919 - Conducted military operations in the Andreevka area. He allocated several regiments to the Eastern Front.
August 1919 - Commander of the Separate Semirechensk Army. Suppressed uprisings in Semipalatinsk and Lepsinsky district.
Winter 1919-1920 - Took command of Dutov's units.
February 29, 1920 - Refused to accept the ultimatum of the Red Army command and lay down arms.
March-April 1920 - With an 18,000-strong detachment, he retreated to the Chinese border, settling at the Selke Pass.
April 28, 1920 - Left with the remnants of the detachment for China, where he was based in Xinjiang.
August 15, 1920 - Relocated to Urumqi.
September 1920 - Moved to the Gucheng fortress.
March 1921 - Arrested by Chinese authorities and sent to prison in Urumqi.
February 1924 - Released through the efforts of the chief of staff of the detachment, Major General N.A. Denisov, and thanks to the intervention of representatives of the Entente countries.
April 7, 1924 - Fraudulently captured by the commander of the 1st Chinese People's Army, Marshal Feng Yuxiang (for a large monetary reward) and handed over to security officers operating in China, after which he was taken to the USSR through Mongolia.
July 25 - August 12, 1927 - court hearing of the visiting session of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR in Semipalatinsk.
August 25, 1927 - Shot together with N.A. Denisov.
September 7, 1999 - The Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation refused to rehabilitate B.V. Annenkov and N.A. Denisov."

1999 - The Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation refused to rehabilitate B.V. Annenkov and N.A. Denisov.
This ataman is a rare exception among other Siberian varieties of this title; In his detachment, iron discipline is established, the units are well trained and perform hard combat service, and the ataman himself is an example of courage, fulfillment of duty and soldierly simplicity of life (A.P. Budberg).
From the testimony of adjutant Annenkov: “The ataman was nicknamed the Black Baron back in Kokchetav, I don’t remember who was the first... In Omsk, we, our comrades-in-arms, already knew him as a person who did not smoke or consume alcoholic beverages, but who destroyed a lot of candy. He had no friends, shunned women - he was single... In Kyrgyzstan, Annenkov loved to ride in a car, he loved to run over a cat, a dog, a chicken, a sheep... He said that he would like to run over some Kyrgyz citizen.” (“10 years of counter-revolution.” Essay on the most important cases of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR D.I. Matron. // Omsk branch of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (formerly Omsk Historical Party Archive)).

When the people of Russia languished under the yoke of Bolshevism,
Our small detachment raised an uprising
We went to battle, leaving our wives, homes and mothers
We fought with the Reds, wanting to give peace quickly...
For two years they fought with the dark force, losing hundreds of people.
Quite a few brave people died under the bullets of devils.
Alas, capricious fate is stronger than us,
The people's intoxication has not passed, the hour of victory has not come.
And Kolchak himself, the chosen one of the rich.
In Irkutsk he was shot by the hands of executioners.
We fought for a long time in Semirechye, having five fronts,
But apparently the Almighty’s verdict was already ready for us.
And we had to leave everything behind and go to the Selka peaks, dragging shells, guns and vehicles with us.
Without bread, without shelters, we completed the path of suffering,
Exhausted on the road, we shivered in the snow all night.
So, retreating step by step, they made their way to the border.
The Reds' attempts to advance were calmly repulsed (B.V. Annenkov).

March 21 marked the 120th anniversary of the birth of the Semirechensk Ataman,
Major General B.V. Annenkov...

Painting by artist N.V. Ponomarenko, 2008...

The name of Ataman Annenkov has been undeservedly slandered, smeared with mud and cursed,
and not only by the Soviet regime, but also by white emigration. Return
Annenkov in the USSR was presented to the whole world as “voluntary”, just like
as well as his supposedly “repentant” letters to white emigration.
The true circumstances of the ataman’s return to the USSR became clear for the first time
known only by the beginning of the 70s, when the Soviet press appeared
publications based on the memories of former security officers involved
to the operation of kidnapping and removing the chieftain from China.

The kidnapping of Ataman Annenkov was one of the first steps of the OGPU-NKVD in
elimination of white forces abroad. Then in Europe he was vilely and secretly poisoned
the head of the Russian All-Military Union, Baron P.N. Wrangel, were kidnapped and
His successors were taken to the USSR: generals A.P. Kutepov and K. K. Miller.
Not all details of the OPTU operation against Ataman Annenkov are clear and understandable,
his case is still in the archives of the former KGB, but even now we
we can say that this man remained faithful to Russia to the end, courageously
accepted death from the Bolshevik executioners.

In the photo are officers of the Partisan Division of Ataman Annenkov (1918-1920)
Both are dressed in full dress uniform - uniforms with buttoned lapels and gazyrs.
The Colonel (left) has a fur hat hanging from the right side clearly visible.
a shlyk to which is attached a large skull and crossbones.
On the captain’s left sleeve, the Annenkov emblem is clearly visible - “Adam’s head”...

Boris Vladimirovich Annenkov, hereditary nobleman, born March 21, 1889
years in the Kyiv province in the family of a retired colonel.
At the age of eight, Borya Annenkov was sent to the Odessa Cadet Corps.
Upon completion, he entered the Alexander Military School in Moscow,
then, with the rank of cornet, he was accepted into the 1st Siberian Cossack Regiment of Ermak Timofeev,
stationed at that time in the city of Dzharkent, on the very
border with China.
Here Boris Vladimirovich studied Kyrgyz, Kazakh, and then Chinese
languages.
Service in a Cossack regiment at the border of a huge country gave: awareness of power
and the greatness of the Russian state. Patriotism was formed here
worldview of the future ataman. He understood how Russia needed a strong
autocratic power.
Together with his fellow soldier, cornet Bernikov, and the team
scouts, he began to storm the grandiose, hitherto unconquered
peaks of the Dzhungar Alatau and gave them names: Mount Emperor Nicholas II,
Mount Ermak Timofeev, Mount Cossack, Ermakovsky and Siberian glaciers.
Having conquered the first of these mountains, Boris Vladimirovich, being an ardent patriot
of his regiment, built a pyramid of stones on top and placed a scarlet
white cross flag of the 1st Siberian Cossack Regiment.
In 1911, a new commander arrived in the regiment - Colonel Pyotr Nikolaevich
Krasnov, future ataman of the Great Don Army; Sky and one of
leaders of the White movement. This is how he wrote already in exile about his
former subordinate, young centurion Annenkov: “... it was in everyone
relations an outstanding officer.
A man richly gifted by God, courageous, decisive, intelligent, resilient,
always cheerful. He himself is an excellent rider, athlete, excellent shooter,
a gymnast, fencer and grunter, he was able to fully convey his knowledge and
to his Cossack subordinates, he knew how to draw them along with him. When Centurion Annenkov
temporarily, before arriving with benefits from the army of Yesaul Rozhnev, he commanded
1st hundred - this hundred was also the first in the regiment. When he later accepted
regimental training team, this team has reached an unattainable height.”
Could these two officers have imagined then that their fate in the future would be
will it turn out similar? P. N. Krasnov, who became a general back in the First World War,
will be elected Don Ataman and lead the White Army in southern Russia,
B.V. Annenkov, who received the rank of general from Admiral Kolchak, will fight
with the Bolsheviks in Siberia and Kazakhstan. Their end turned out to be similar: both of them
ended their days in the dungeons of the Cheka...
Shortly before the start of the First World War, centurion Annenkov was released from
regiment on leave, and with the announcement of mobilization in July 1914, he was sent to
the city of Kokchetav, where he was appointed commander of a hundred. Here in the camp it happened
one incident that shows the true nobility of this man's soul.
There was unrest among the Cossacks. An expedition from Omsk was sent to Kokchetav for
investigation into this incident. Boris Vladimirovich refused to name
the investigative commission names the instigators of the riots, stating that he is an officer
Russian Army, not an informer
He was sent to the German front, to the 4th Siberian Cossack Regiment, which
fought heavy battles in the Pinsk swamps. Centurion Annenkov took from Dzharkent
with him the Uighur boy Yusup Odykhanov, who was with him
volunteer in the regiment. Soon Yusup distinguished himself and was presented with the order
St. George 4th degree.
Boris Vladimirovich’s military talents were revealed at the front. In 1915
he is appointed as one of the best officers of the Siberian Cossack division
commander of a partisan detachment of Cossack volunteers operating
behind German lines. In a short time, B.V. Annenkov earned the right
wearing the St. George's weapon, the Order of St. George 4th degree, English
gold medal "For Bravery" and the French Legion of Honor.
The first news of the February coup of 1917 Annenkov's detachment
received from the Germans. Esaul Annenkov, despite the general collapse of the army under
influenced by the provocative propaganda of the Bolsheviks, he hoped that the Provisional
the government will again elect a legitimate Tsar.
By the fall of 1917, the situation at the front began to deteriorate catastrophically
due to the activities of various committees and councils in the army, which led
in fact, to the elimination of the principle of unity of command, undermining the authority
commanders The so-called “fraternization” flourished on the front line, skillfully
used by the German command. However, Annenkov’s detachment,
who was already a military sergeant major, continued to remain one of the most
combat-ready units of the Russian army.
After the October Revolution, the detachment was ordered to leave
to Omsk for disbandment. Having made the transition through the whole of European Russia,
the detachment, refusing to disarm under various pretexts, arrived in Siberia,
where he soon switched to an illegal position. From now on it begins
the fierce struggle of Ataman Annenkov with the Bolsheviks who usurped power,
first in Siberia and the Urals, and then in Semirechye.
One of the first military actions of Annenkov's partisans was the rescue of shrines
Siberian Cossack army: 300-year-old banner of Ermak and military
banner of the 300th anniversary of the House of Romanov, which were carried out during
church service from the Military Council. After this, Annenkov’s detachment leaves
to the Kyrgyz steppes. Soon the ataman returns to Omsk, where he enters into
contact with the illegal White Guard organization "Thirteen" and begins
recruitment of volunteers.
In the summer of 1918, communist power in Omsk fell, and Annenkov, to
by that time already the commander of a strong detachment of up to 1000 people,
sent to the Ural Front. There for successful actions against the Reds
The military circle of the Siberian Cossack Army promotes him to colonel
and directs it to suppress the Slavgorod rebellion in the Omsk province.
The uprising was suppressed.
In 1918, Annenkov's division moved south with the goal of liberating
from the Bolsheviks Semirechye and the city of Verny. The division spent the entire 1919
in continuous battles with the red gangs, constantly replenished,
having reorganized by the end of the year into the Separate Semirechensk Army,
the commander of which was Major General Annenkov. Having captured everything northern
Semirechye, he still could not take the city of Verny.
Under pressure from the red hordes, Kolchak’s Siberian armies are rolling back to
east, leaving Omsk, Novonikolaevsk and Semipalatinsk.
Annenkov's Semirechensk army finds itself surrounded.
Having reorganized the parts he had and divided them into three groups,
Annenkov held the line until the end of March 1920, when, under pressure
Due to superior enemy forces, the Cossacks had to retreat to China.
At the Selke pass, Annenkov, together with units loyal to him, moved to
Chinese side on May 27, 1920.
The detachment settled down in a camp, soon nicknamed “Jolly”, on the border
Borotal River, at a location designated by the Chinese authorities.
In mid-August 1920, the remnants of the Cossack detachment began to advance
to Urumqi, the main city of Xinjiang province. After standing in Urumqi for about
three months, the detachment also moved further east in echelon...
happened here armed conflict between Annenkov's partisans
and Chinese troops, provoked by the Chinese under the influence
Bolsheviks, who did not want the whites, having reached the Far East,
again joined the anti-Bolshevik struggle. To resolve the conflict
the ataman went to negotiate with the Chinese authorities near the city of Urumqi,
where he was immediately arrested and then taken to prison. It was in
end of March 1921.
The ataman had to spend three years in prison... The Chinese tried
lure money from him that allegedly remained in the Semirechensk army,
but to no avail; tried to accustom him to smoking opium in order to break him
his spirit, but nothing came of it. All this time the chief of staff
Semirechensk Army Colonel N. A Denisov continued to remain in
Guchen, trying to facilitate the release of his commander. At the end
finally thanks to the intervention of the Council of Russian Ambassadors in Paris,
envoys of other powers in China, the ataman was released and left for
east, where he began to study the possibilities of emigrant organizations in
continuation of the fight against Bolshevism in Russia.
The attention to Annenkov from the OPTU agents in China did not stop.
A carefully designed neutralization operation by security officers has begun.
and its destruction, which involved dozens of people.
And as a result, the ataman ended up in the USSR. For the first time some details
“games” of the OPTU against Annenkov were published in a documentary story
S.M. Martyanov “The Annenkov Case”, published in the Alma-Ata magazine
“Space” in 1970, as well as in S. Grigoriev’s essay “Operation Ataman”
in the collection “Chekists of Kazakhstan” (Alma-Ata, “Kazakhstan”, 1971).
The Chinese marshal played an important role in the capture of Annenkov
Feng Yuxiang, leader of a group of Soviet military advisers in his army
V. M. Primakov, security officers M. Zyuk, A. Karpenko, B. Kuzmichev and others.
It was important for the security officers to lure Annenkov into a trap, which they succeeded in
March 31, 1926. He was sent by train to Moscow. Information available
about an attempt to free the ataman by people loyal to him while moving
Soviet vehicles to the border of Mongolia, which was unsuccessful. Second
Boris Vladimirovich attempted to escape already on the train, trying
jump out of the carriage window, but was detained by security officers. April 20, 1926
year, the door of cell No. 73 slammed behind him in the internal prison of the GPU on
Lubyanka.
The investigation into the Annenkov case lasted more than a year, the trial
the same, or rather judicial mockery, took place in Semipalatinsk in 1927
year. Ataman was accused of all conceivable and unimaginable crimes,
trying to make him look like a bloody fanatic and executioner. He is calm and
answered with dignity: “And that Annenkov you’re talking about...”
after which he asked the witness several simple questions, scattering
all accusations to dust. To the open-minded reader of court records
it becomes clear that the charges brought against the ataman are far-fetched
Soviet crime lords. Of course, Annenkov was introduced anyway
a sadist and murderer, the myth of the “bloody chieftain” arose. And at this time
abroad, Cheka agents distributed the ataman’s “letters of repentance”,
written in Lubyanka.
The court's verdict was execution. Boris Vladimirovich Annenkov was shot
August 24, 1927. According to an eyewitness, this happened in the cell
Semipalatinsk prison. Ataman heroically accepted his death.
“Annenkov was shot by the Bolsheviks. With this they took away his freedom
and the involuntary guilt of his partisanship and joined him to the host of martyrs,
martyred for Russia,” wrote his former commander 12 years later
General Krasnov.
But it was God's Providence that they should not remain
the organizers of the ataman kidnapping operation went unpunished: security officers
A.Kh.Artuzov, V.M.Primakov, M.O.Zyuk, B.I.Kuzmichev were shot
in 1937 as "fascist dogs" and "traitors". Apparently
At the same time, other participants in this case also accepted death from “their own people.”
According to their deeds they were rewarded.

M.N.Ivlev.

Ataman Annenkov and his comrades...

In the upper left corner the first is a private of the Black Hussars regiment in a mentic...
Second next to him is the chief of staff of the Partisan Division, Ataman Annenkov.
General Staff Colonel Denisov.
In the center is the head of the division, Major General B.V. Annenkov.
A little higher is the convoy of Ataman Annenkov.
In the lower right corner is a soldier of the Black Hussars regiment in summer uniform...

It is difficult to imagine a historical figure more controversial than Ataman Annenkov: for some he is a renowned hero and a brilliant organizer, for others he is an uncontrollable commander and a bloody despot.

Portrait of Ataman Boris Vladimirovich Annenkov (1889-1927) from among the daring Cossack freemen, for whom personal freedom is always more valuable than law and order. He had a developed sense of duty and honor, but was no less self-willed and independent.

Hereditary nobleman Annenkov had a passion for learning. In 1906, he graduated from the Odessa Cadet Corps, and two years later from the Alexander Military School. He was especially successful in learning languages. In addition to English, French and German, in a short time he mastered the Kazakh and Chinese languages.

Annenkov was an excellent athlete: he fenced well, rode a horse and shot. With his fellow soldier, cornet Bernikov, he stormed the yet unconquered peaks of the Dzhungar Alatau. He gave the heights names, for example, Ermak Timofeev or Nicholas II.
“Black Baron,” - that’s what Annenkov was called for his passion for the color black; he did not have the habit of smoking or drinking, shunned women and did not make friends. He also had weaknesses - candy and horses. He had a special passion for horses. He carefully selected horses, bred them, but especially loved his faithful Sultan.

As punishment to the front, the then centurion of the 4th Siberian Cossack Regiment, Annenkov, showed his best qualities during the riot. The rebellious Cossacks of one of the camps elected him to be their commander, but he did not get involved with the rebels and reported everything to his superiors. But when a punitive expedition arrived to suppress the riot, when asked to extradite the instigators of the riot, he declared that he was an officer, not an informer.

As punishment, the military court sends Annenkov to the German front. There, on the fields of the First World War, the military talents of the future chieftain were most fully revealed. Finding himself surrounded, he managed to accomplish the almost impossible - to remove the remnants of the regiment from it.

Having established himself as an excellent officer, with general approval Annenkov was appointed commander of a partisan detachment assembled from Cossack volunteers. Fighting behind enemy lines, he takes the Germans by surprise over and over again with his daring raids. Iron discipline among his subordinates even then distinguished him as a military leader.

“Red” fight! After the abdication of Nicholas II from the throne, Annenkov and his detachment swore allegiance to the Provisional Government, but the Bolsheviks who came to power exiled him to Omsk for counter-revolution. The commander refused to disarm his subordinates and, retreating deep into Cossack territories, became opposed to the new regime. In March 1918, he was elected ataman of the Siberian Cossacks, and in July - military foreman.

Having initially a relatively small number of soldiers - about 1,500 bayonets and sabers, Annenkov, nevertheless, successfully entered the Civil War. One after another, he defeats the detachments of Kashirin and Blucher, together with the “White Czechs” he selflessly fights against Soviet power in Western Siberia, participates in the suppression of the Bolshevik uprisings, and also liberates Semirechye from the “Reds”.

According to the last word

Not having enough funds, the ataman, nevertheless, monitors the quality of his soldiers’ uniforms and weapons. Of course, there was some trickery involved. So, in Semipalatinsk, putting pressure on the bourgeoisie who remained there, he collects “voluntary” contributions, quite decent sums, and spends them on his army.

His soldiers are dressed to the nines. They wear black tunics, chakchirs with silver stripes and mentiks embroidered with white cords - almost according to the canons of the hussar uniform. Other regiments that were subordinate to Annenkov also had their own uniform - Orenburg, Semirechensk, Manchu-Chinese.
And the “Annenkovites” are arming themselves to the latest standards. They have English Lewis machine guns and French Shosha systems, American Vickers and Colts, Japanese and English rifles, and even heavy guns.

They tried to transfer Annenkov's disobedience to the Western Front several times, but to no avail. All he could do was allocate several regiments to be sent to the Eastern Front. He clearly did not want to destroy the small empire created in Semirechye. Among the White Guard leaders, Annenkov was known as a not very reliable and undisciplined commander.

Where did the iron discipline of his soldiers go? The regiments allocated by the ataman for the Eastern Front show themselves from the worst side: in Petropavlovsk they begin to engage in robbery and robbery. By decision of the military court, 16 of the most guilty soldiers were sentenced to death.

Bloody Ataman

One of Annenkov’s colleagues said that when the ataman was riding in a car, he liked to run over a cat, a dog, or a ram, but sometimes he expressed a more savage desire - “to run over some Kyrgyz.” Later, through the efforts of his army, he “crushed” many - not only soldiers, but also unarmed people.

Time gradually changed, in the words of General P.N. Krasnov, a “God-gifted, courageous, decisive, intelligent” person. Defenders of the ataman’s good name justify his cruelty due to wartime and the need to respond to the “Red Terror.” But eyewitnesses in their memoirs paint a less heroic picture.

Annenkov’s personal driver Alexey Larin recalled that his boss quite often made raids on villages, looking for peasants sympathetic to the Bolsheviks. Those caught in sympathy were flogged by the “Black Hussars” until they lost consciousness, but could be hacked to death with sabers or shot. Neither women nor children were spared. At the same time, the ataman himself did not take part in the reprisals, but only observed.

A more horrifying picture was painted by a resident of the village of Cherny Dol who survived one of the ataman’s raids: “They did what they wanted, they took away, they burned, they laughed at women and girls, they raped those 10 years old and older.”<…>They took my husband into the city and chopped him up, cut off his nose and tongue, cut out his eyes, and cut off half his head. We found it already buried.”

The end of the empireThe notoriety of Annenkov's atrocities spread not only among the Bolsheviks and peasants, but also among the White Guards. It is not surprising that after the Red Army forced the ataman to retreat beyond the Chinese border, no more than 700 people remained from his army of thousands.

Annenkov's scattered detachments first reached Urumqi and then settled in Guchen.

It was in Guchen at the end of March 1921 that an armed conflict occurred between Chinese soldiers and Annenkov’s detachment, which, according to historians, was provoked by Bolshevik agents. Annenkov, who went to settle the incident, was immediately arrested and imprisoned. Only in February 1924, thanks to the efforts of former comrades, Annenkov was released.

But the ataman did not have to walk free for long. Already in April 1924, Chinese Marshal Feng Yuxiang, bribed by the Bolsheviks, lured Annenkov out and then handed him over to the security officers. As researchers note, this was one of the first operations of the Soviet government to behead the “white movement” abroad.

Ataman Annenkov was tried in Semipalatinsk in July-August 1927. They accused him not of counter-revolutionary activities, but of mass atrocities against prisoners and civilians. The number of victims of Annenkov’s terror is estimated in many thousands. So, in Sergiopol alone, about 800 people were killed, and near Lake Alakol, on the orders of the ataman, 3,800 soldiers and Cossacks who wished to stay in Russia were shot. On August 24, 1927, Annenkov was executed.

P.S.
September 7, 1999 Military Collegium The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation refused to rehabilitate Boris Annenkov.

Many prominent representatives of the Russian nation entered their names into the history of the imperial colonization of Turkestan. One of them, Boris Vladimirovich Annenkov, was born on February 21, 1889 in the Volyn province into a hereditary noble family. His grandfather was the famous Decembrist Annenkov, his uncle and older sister participated in the People's Will movement, his father was a retired colonel, and was also associated with revolutionaries in his youth. An interesting historical paradox: the grandfather is a Decembrist, the father is a Narodnaya Volya member, and the grandson is an ardent monarchist.

He had two brothers - Arkady and Nikolai, about whose fate nothing is known. In 1898, all brothers were included in the 2nd part of the genealogical book for the Novgorod district

At the age of 8, Boris was sent to the Odessa Cadet Corps.

After graduating from the corps, in 1906 he entered Aleksandrovskoe Military School in Moscow.

Two years later, after graduating from college with the 1st category, Boris was released with the rank of cornet into the 1st Siberian Cossack Regiment of Ermak Timofeev, which was stationed at that time in Semirechye - in the city of Dzharkent on the border with China.

Having a penchant for foreign languages ​​(back in cadet corps and at school he studied English, German and French languages), at the border, Boris Vladimirovich began to study Kyrgyz (Kazakh), and then Chinese, which he soon mastered perfectly.

Service at the border of a huge country, where the greatness of the state, which stretched its possessions far into the depths of Asia, was clearly realized, finally shaped the worldview of the future ataman.

Having received a monarchical upbringing as a child, he was convinced from his own experience of the need for a strong autocratic government in Russia. Annenkov, being an excellent athlete, was a cornet together with his fellow soldier. Bernikov and a team of scouts began to storm the hitherto unconquered peaks of the Dzhungar Alatau - giving them names: Mount Emperor Nicholas II, Mount Ermak Timofeev, Mount Kazachya, Ermakovsky and Siberian glaciers.

Having conquered the first of the named peaks, Boris Vladimirovich built a pyramid of stones on the top and hoisted the scarlet flag of his regiment with a white cross on it.

In 1911, a new commander arrived in the 1st Siberian Cossack Regiment - Colonel Pyotr Nikolaevich Krasnov, the future ataman of the Don Army and one of the leaders of the White Movement.

Already in exile, he wrote about his former subordinate, the young centurion Annenkov: “He was an outstanding officer in all respects. A man richly gifted by God, courageous, decisive, intelligent, resilient, always cheerful. He himself was an excellent rider, athlete, excellent shooter, gymnast, fencer and grunt - he knew how to fully convey his knowledge to his Cossack subordinates, he knew how to captivate them with him. When Centurion Annenkov, temporarily, before arriving on relief from the army of Yesaul Rozhnev, commanded the 1st hundred, this hundred was also the first in the regiment. When he later took over the regimental training team, this team rose to an unattainable height” (“At the Frontier of China”, Paris, 1939).

Was it possible to imagine then how similar their fate would be in the future, that both would become military chieftains and die in the KGB dungeons, only with a difference of 20 years? ...

Boris Vladimirovich also had another passion - an enthusiastic love for horses. For their sake, he traveled all over Semirechye - bought, sold and exchanged, while remaining faithful to his red horse Sultan, with whom he won many prizes at the hippodromes.

Shortly before the start of the World War, centurion Annenkov was released from the regiment on benefits, and with the announcement of mobilization in July 1914, he was sent to the city. Kokchetav is a place of camp gatherings for Cossacks who received benefits, where he was appointed commander of a hundred. An incident occurred here that shows the nobility of the soul of this man.
The unrest among beneficiaries that occurred in the camp led to an expedition from Omsk being sent to Kokchetav to investigate the incident. Boris Vladimirovich, despite all his devotion to the Sovereign and the oath, nevertheless refused to name the instigators of the riots, saying that he was an officer, not an informer. This cost him a lot of trouble, and soon he was sent to the German front, to the 4th Siberian Cossack Regiment, which fought heavy battles in the Pinsk swamps and Augustov forests. With him from Dzharkent, centurion Annenkov took the Uighur boy Yusup Odykhanov, who was a volunteer with him. Soon, for delivering a report under German fire, Yusup was presented with the St. George Cross, 4th degree.

At the front, Boris Vladimirovich’s military talents were fully revealed. In 1915, as one of the best officers of the Siberian Cossack division, with the general approval of the regiment commanders, he was appointed commander of a partisan detachment of volunteer Cossacks operating in the rear of the German army. In a short time, Annenkov received the St. George's Arms, the English gold medal "For Bravery" and the French Order of the Legion of Honor and the rank of captain.

Annenkov’s detachment, which never left the battles, even received the first news of the February coup of 1917 from the Germans.

Annenkov, despite the collapse of the army under the influence of Bolshevik agitation, hoped that the Provisional Government would be able to bring Russia to Constituent Assembly- which will again elect a Tsar, relying on the Duma and zemstvos.

By the autumn of 1917, the situation at the front began to deteriorate catastrophically due to the activities of various committees and councils and the virtual elimination of the principle of unity of command in the army.

The so-called “fraternization” that flourished on the front line was skillfully used by the German command. Nevertheless, the detachment of Annenkov, who had already become a military foreman, remained one of the most combat-ready units of the First Army. After the October Revolution, by order of the Army Council, the partisan detachment was ordered to go to Omsk for disbandment. Having made the transition through the whole of European Russia, the detachment, under various plausible pretexts, and sometimes by cunning, refusing to disarm, arrived in Siberia - and immediately found itself in an illegal situation.

Annenkov's fierce struggle with the communists who seized power begins - first in the territory of Siberia and the Urals, and then in Semirechye. One of the first actions of Annenkov's partisans was the rescue of the shrines of the Siberian Army - the three-hundred-year-old Banner of Ermak and the Army Banner, which they managed to take out right during a church service from the Army cathedral, after which the detachment leaves for the Kyrgyz steppes.

But soon the detachment returns to Omsk. Having settled in the area of ​​​​the village of Melnichnaya, he comes into contact with the underground organization “Thirteen”, starting a recruitment of volunteers.

In the summer of 1918, communist power in Omsk fell, and Annenkov, by that time the commander of a detachment of up to 1000 people, was sent to the Verkhneuralsk Front.

For successful actions Military Circle. The SKV promoted him to colonel and in August sent him to suppress the Slavgorod rebellion in the Altai province. When the detachment arrived in Slavgorod, the uprising had already been suppressed, and the partisans only helped in restoring order.

There was a lot of cruelty on both sides at that time, but one thing is certain - the cruelty on the part of the whites in suppressing such uprisings was only a weak response to the unbridled red terror that was sweeping the country.

By the end of 1918, Annenkov's division was moving from Semipalatinsk to the south, with the goal of liberating Semirechye with the city of Verny from the Bolsheviks, where at that time the Semirechye Cossacks with Ataman Ionov and parts of the 2nd Steppe Siberian Corps were operating.

The division spent the entire 1919 in continuous battles. By the end of the year, it was reorganized into the Separate Semirechensk Army, whose commander was Major General Annenkov.

Boris Annenkov is sometimes called an ataman. Siberian, then Semirechensky army. Meanwhile, formally he was neither one nor the other! The Siberian Army was led by Lieutenant General P.P. Ivanov-Rinov, Semirechenskoye - Major General A.M. Ionov. Annenkov was the ataman (chief) of his partisan detachment, and then of the division where Siberian, Orenburg, Semirechensk Cossacks, officers and Siberian peasants served.

Baron A.P. Budberg, manager of Kolchak’s Military Ministry in Omsk, who rarely spoke well of anyone and especially did not like the Siberian “atamanshchina,” nevertheless wrote about Annenkov in his “Diary of a White Guard” as follows:

“This chieftain is a rare exception among other Siberian varieties of this title; In his detachment, iron discipline is established, the units are well trained and perform hard combat service, and the ataman himself is an example of courage, fulfillment of duty and soldierly simplicity of life. His relationship with the residents is such that even all the Kyrgyz he robbed said that in the area of ​​the Annenkovsky district they are paid for everything and that they have no complaints against the Annenkovsky troops... Information about the organization of the Annenkovsky rear and supply gives every reason to think that in this The ataman has great makings of a good organizer and an original military talent worthy of being promoted to a responsible position.”

Having occupied the entire northern Semirechye, Annenkov was never able to take Verny. Unfortunately, his relationship with the elected official did not work out either. Military chieftain. Semirechye general. A.M. Ionov, who knew him from his service in Dzharkent. Due to the inconsistency in the actions of the white units and the desire of both atamans for complete power over the region, once, in the summer of 1919, things even came to the arrest of General Ionov and mutual accusations of incompetence. In the end, A.V. Kolchak recalled Ionov and sent him to the Far East.

Ataman Annenkov becomes the sole owner. Semirechye.

October 15, 1919 by order. Supreme Ruler Annenkov for military distinction and exceptional courage during the capture of the Bolshevik fortified area - the so-called. "Cherkasy Defense" - awarded the order. St. George 4th degree and promoted to major general.

Soon he was appointed commander. A separate Semirechensk army. But the matter was already lost.

Under pressure from the Reds, Kolchak's Siberian armies roll back to the east, leaving Omsk, Novonikolaevsk and Semipalatinsk. The Semirechensk army finds itself squeezed from the west, north and south by the advancing red units, and from the east by the Chinese border. The Orenburg army of Ataman A.I., which arrived at the end of December 1919, bloodless in battle, hungry and typhoid, brought little help. Dutov, who completely joined the Semirechensk army under the name. Orenburg detachment. Dutov took over the civil administration of the Semirechensky region, leaving the conduct of hostilities to Annenkov.

Having reorganized the existing units and divided them into three groups - Southern (consisting mainly of Semirechensk Cossacks and the 5th Siberian Rifle Division), Central ("partisan" units) and Northern (Orenburgers) - the ataman held the front until the end of March 1920, when under the pressure of superior enemy forces, it was necessary to retreat towards China.

The Orenburg units under the command of General Bakich left separately, through the fortification of Bakhta to the Chinese city. Chuguchak. Having established himself in the mountains of the Dzhungar Alatau, in the “Eagle’s Nest” near the Selke Pass, Annenkov, together with the units most loyal to him, crossed over to the Chinese side on May 27, 1920, near the Chinese village of Dzhimpan. When crossing the border, they had to surrender a significant part of their weapons, for which the Chinese promised to feed the interned partisans. Some of the weapons were still hidden, just in case.

The detachment settled down in a camp, soon nicknamed “Jolly”, on the border river Borotal.

A few words about Annenkov’s Semirechensk army.

Its main backbone was the 2nd Steppe Siberian Corps, which in July 1919 included the Annenkov Partisan Division, the 5th Siberian Rifle Division, the Separate Semirechensk Cossack Brigade, the Separate Steppe rifle brigade and the Kyrgyz Cavalry Brigade.

Perhaps, of all the white units operating in Russia at that time, the Partisan Division, and then Annenkov’s Army, were distinguished by the greatest diversity of composition, uniforms and attributes.

According to the tradition that still existed in the detachment, all volunteer partisans applied tattoos on their chests or hands in the form of an Orthodox cross, a skull and crossbones, and intricately writhing snakes entwined around the body in various directions. Some added to this the informal motto of the detachment - “God and Ataman Annenkov are with us.”

Volunteers with such a tattoo knew that if they were captured there would be no mercy.

There was also a special award in the Semirechensk Army - the “Partisan Cross”, which was awarded to particularly distinguished fighters. Most likely, it was invented by the chieftain himself.

The banner of the detachment was a black cloth with a skull and crossbones and the inscription “God is with us.”

The same mottos and emblems were on cars, armored cars and gigs of the detachment. Nostalgic love for the old Imperial Army, its power and beauty, prompted Boris Vladimirovich to create in his units a regiment of Black Hussars (following the example of the former 5th Hussars of Alexandria Regiment), a regiment of Blue Ulan (following the example of the 10th Odessa Uhlan Regiment), cuirassier, dragoon and Life Ataman regiments.

Despite the scarcity of funds and constant hostilities, Annenkov managed to outfit parts of his army in a variety of beautiful uniforms. The hussars wore black tunics, chakchirs with silver stripes and white mentiks embroidered with cords.

Instead of a cockade, a skull with crossbones was sewn onto the cap. The same decoration was worn in the form of a rosette on the top of boots. Cossacks of the Ataman Regiment wore hats, silver skulls on the sleeves of tunics, fastened lapels on the checkmen, stripes on trousers and embroidered monograms “A.A.” (“Ataman Annenkov”) on shoulder straps.

The Semirechensk and Orenburg Cossack regiments, the Manchurian-Chinese regiment, and the Kyrgyz cavalry brigade that were part of the army also had their own uniform.

In other units, in addition to Russian, English and Japanese uniforms and shoes were worn. Armament - in addition to Russian - English Lewis machine guns, French Shosh, American Vickers and Colt, English and Japanese rifles and heavy guns.

In the photo:
In the upper left corner the first is a private of the Black Hussars regiment in a mentic.
Second next to him is the chief of staff of the Partisan Division, Ataman Annenkov.
General Staff Colonel Denisov.
In the center is the head of the division, Major General B.V. Annenkov.
A little higher is the convoy of Ataman Annenkov.
In the lower right corner is a soldier of the Black Hussars regiment in summer uniform.

1 - Officer of the Semirechye Cossack Army in full dress uniform;

2 - officer of the Black Hussars regiment;

3 - officer of the Black Hussars regiment in summer uniform;

4 - officer of the Life Ataman Regiment

In the photo: Officers of the Annenkov Partisan Brigade.

B.V.Annenkov with the ranks of his squad

Having crossed the border of China in the amount of 4,200 people, the Central Group of Annenkov's Army was in a camp on the Borotal River until mid-August.

By the end of July, 670 people remained in it. In mid-August, the remnants of the detachment in three echelons, with the permission of the dujun (governor) of Chinese Turkestan, began to advance to Urumqi, the main city of Xinjiang province. After standing in Urumqi for about three months, the detachment also moved in echelon to the east, to the city of Guchen (Tsitai), 180 versts from Urumqi.

Here, in Guchen, an armed conflict occurred between Annenkovites and Chinese troops - provoked by the Chinese under the influence of the Soviet side.

To resolve the conflict, the chieftain went to negotiate with the Chinese authorities near the city. Urumqi, where he was immediately arrested. This was at the end of March 1921. Annenkov had to spend three years in prison! The Chinese tried to lure money from him that allegedly remained in the Semirechensk army, but to no avail; they tried to teach him to smoke opium in order to break his spirit, but nothing worked. All this time, the chief of staff of the Semirechensk army, Colonel N.A. Denisov, continued to remain in Guchen, trying to achieve the release of the commander. In the end, thanks to the petitions of envoys of some powers and the Society of Christian Youth, the chieftain was released in February 1924.

Having met in the city of Turfan with Denisov and the eighteen convoys remaining with him, Annenkov departs further to the east, settling near the city of Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu province. Having become a little more comfortable and assessing the situation, he begins to study the possibilities of various emigrant organizations to continue the fight against Bolshevism, making attempts to unite their partisans, who by this time had been scattered throughout China.

All this was done as secretly as possible, so as not to arouse suspicion among the Chinese and Soviet agents.

To cover this work, Annenkov continued to do what he loved - breeding and raising horses, having acquired a small stud farm in Lanzhou. He officially retired from politics.

However, the hidden work and attention to him from various White émigré organizations did not escape the OGPU agents in China.

A carefully designed operation to destroy Annenkov begins, in which dozens of people were involved.

For the first time, some details of this operation were published in the documentary story by S. and M. Martyanov “The Annenkov Case”, published in the Almaty magazine “Prostor” in 1970, as well as in the essay by S. Grigoriev “Operation “Ataman”” in the collection “Chekists” Kazakhstan" (Alma-Ata, 1971).

These two sources do not coincide in some details - but, in any case, we can say that an important role in the capture of Annenkov was played by Chinese Marshal Feng Yu-hsiang, the head of the group of Soviet military advisers in his army V.M. Primakov, and security officers M. Zyuk , A. Karpenko, B. Kuzmichev, M. Dovgal, S. Likharin, as well as a traitor from the white officers, Colonel A.F. Gushchin (Don Cossack, at the beginning of 1918 he was hiding with P.N. Krasnov from the Bolsheviks in the village of Konstantinovskaya ).As a result, Annenkov, with the help of Colonel Gushchin, was lured into a trap in the city of Kalgan.

The chieftain and General Denisov arrived there from Pingdechuan, where they met with the marshal. Feng Yu-hsiang, with whose secret consent they were arrested by the Reds on March 31, 1926.

From Kalgan, Annenkov was taken by car to the capital of Outer Mongolia, Urga, and then to Verkhneudinsk, from where he was sent by train to Moscow.

There is information about a failed attempt to free the ataman by people loyal to him during the movement of Soviet vehicles to the border of Mongolia, an attempt. Boris Vladimirovich made an attempt to escape already on the train, trying to jump out of the window of the car, but was again detained.

On April 20, 1926, the door of cell No. 73 in the internal prison of the GPU on Lubyanka slammed behind the ataman.

A month and a half later, Major General Denisov was also delivered to Moscow.

The investigation into the “Annenkov case” lasted more than a year, the trial - or rather, judicial mockery - took place in Semipalatinsk from July 25 to August 12, 1927.

Even along the route from Moscow, at the stations where the prisoner's carriage stopped, skillfully organized crowds of “Soviet citizens” sent curses and unanimously demanded the death of the generals.

The same thing was repeated at the trial of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR. Those speaking to the shouts of the crowd accused the chieftain of all conceivable and unimaginable crimes, trying to make him out to be a bloody fanatic and executioner. To which he calmly and with dignity replied:

“And that Annenkov, about whom. You say...",

After which he asked the witness a few simple questions, which scattered the entire accusation into dust.

To an unbiased reader of the court records, it becomes clear that the charges brought against him are far-fetched.

Which, of course, did not stop Annenkov from being portrayed as a sadist and murderer, and then from inflating the myth of the “bloody ataman” that had existed for seventy years. Not once at the trial was the truth heard about how Annenkov and Denisov ended up in the USSR, and at that time various “repentant letters” of the ataman, developed in the bowels of the Lubyanka, were distributed abroad.

Naturally, there could only be one court verdict - execution.

Boris Vladimirovich Annenkov and Nikolai Aleksandrovich Denisov were shot on August 24, 1927 at 11 pm.

According to an eyewitness, this happened in a cell in the Semipalatinsk prison.

The chieftain heroically accepted his death, tearing his shirt on his chest and sending curses at the executioners.

“Annenkov was shot by the Bolsheviks. By this they removed from him the voluntary and involuntary guilt of his partisanship and introduced him to the host of martyrs who were martyred for Russia,” wrote his former commander, General Krasnov.

It was God's Providence that the organizers of Annenkov's kidnapping would not go unpunished - security officers Artuzov, Primakov, Zyuk and Kuzmichev were shot in 1937 as “fascist dogs” and “traitors.” Apparently, other participants in the case also died at the hands of their own people at the same time. As for the traitor Gushchin, traces of him were lost at the end of the 30s. Afraid to return to the USSR, he was rejected by the White emigration.

Polovtsov A. A. Russian Biographical Dictionary